Enhancing functional intestinal development for improved growth and efficiency in poultry

营养学家认为，胃肠道功能失调是影响家禽存活率和生产力的潜在因素。由于遗传改良的进步和对促生长抗菌剂（AGP）和抗球虫药物使用的限制，有关消化道发育和功能的观念的出现，助长了这种看法。功能肠道是许多生理和微生物参数复杂相互作用的结果，导致严格控制的粘膜免疫平衡。在孵化后的一段时间内，肠道组织的高代谢率和细胞周转率导致大量的膳食营养物质，特别是氨基酸的首次利用，以维持肠道功能。可以谨慎地预计，饲喂无AGP饲料的家禽将经历更高的肠道健康问题发生率和更长时间的免疫挑战。炎症和免疫反应对营养物质代谢的影响可能会损害机体蛋白质积累、生长和所有其他代谢过程中营养物质的可用性。这个

Nutritionists perceive dysfunctional gastrointestinal tract as a potential rate-limiting factor in the survival and productivity of poultry. This perception has been fostered by the emergence of ideas concerning the development and function of the digestive tract in the light of advances in genetic improvement and restriction on the use of growth promoting antimicrobials (AGP) and anticoccidial drugs. A functional gut is the result of the status of many physiological and microbiological parameters in a complex interplay leading to a tightly controlled mucosal immune balance. The high metabolic rate and cellular turnover of gut tissues in the immediate period post-hatch result in substantial first-pass utilization of dietary nutrients, especially amino acids, to maintain gut function. It is prudent to expect that poultry raised on feeds without AGP will experience higher incidences of intestinal health problems and prolonged period of immunological challenges. The consequences of the inflammatory and immune responses on nutrients metabolism could impair the availability of nutrients for body protein accretion, growth and all other metabolic processes. The