Elucidating soil carbon dynamics for climate change adaptation and mitigation tradeoff analysis at a landscape scale

提高农业生产的弹性并减少农业对气候变化的影响（即适应和减缓）的一个关键战略是采用有益的管理做法（BMPs），增加土壤有机碳（SOC）固存。然而，这种潜力的大小尚不清楚，最近的工作表明，由于温度升高导致的SOC损失可能高于先前的预期。为了解决这种不确定性，需要在多个空间和时间尺度上解决一些问题。在田间尺度上，关于SOC与各种环境因素（如温度、降水）和管理因素（如耕作、土地利用变化）之间的动态关系仍存在问题。影响SOC损失率的因素知之甚少，因为SOC可以恢复的速率或浓度增益将趋于稳定。在景观尺度上，目前还不清楚如何有效地过程模型预测SOC的长期变化给定BMP配置和土地利用变化，以及新的建模方法是否可以提高模拟的准确性。

A key strategy to improve the resiliency of agricultural production and also reduce the impact of agriculture on climate change (i.e. adaptation and mitigation) is the adoption of beneficial management practices (BMPs) that increase soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. However, the magnitude of this potential is unclear and recent work indicates SOC losses due to increasing temperatures may be higher than previously expected. To resolve this uncertainty a number of questions need to be addressed at multiple spatial and temporal scales. At the field scale, questions remain about the dynamics of SOC in relation to various environmental (e.g. temperature, precipitation) and management factors (e.g. tillage, land use change). Factors affecting rates of SOC loss are poorly understood as is the rate that SOC can be regained or at what concentration gains will level off. At the landscape scale it is unclear how effectively process-models predict long-term changes in SOC given BMP configurations and land-use change and whether new modeling approaches can improve the accuracy of simulations.