Modelling and simulating the extreme wind effect on structures

在过去20年里，加拿大每年记录的强风事件超过221起，它们对关键基础设施的影响直接导致受影响地区人口的安全水平下降。大型结构，如大跨度桥梁，被认为比高层建筑、塔楼和输电线路更能抵御强风的影响；然而，这些结构的复杂性意味着其暴露的结构元素，如桥面、塔楼和电缆更容易受到破坏。桥梁各构件和整个桥梁结构的气动稳定性验证已成为大跨度桥梁设计过程的标准标准；然而，目前几个国际研究界正在开展开发和实施新一代双桥面和三层桥面桥梁的全球趋势，这些桥梁具有将主跨尺寸扩大到2000米以上的突出优势。本课题中的加拿大代表包括由申请人提出的四重桥面原型，该原型经过常规实验方法测试，证明具有更好的空气动力稳定性。然而，对于具有复杂桥面结构的大跨度桥梁，要通过极风安全标准验证，必须认真制定和实施新颖而通用的试验和动力稳定标准。

Over the past 20 years, more than 221 severe wind events were recorded yearly in Canada, and their effects on critical infrastructure have direct consequences on decreasing safety levels for populations in affected areas. Massive structures, such as long-span bridges, are considered more resilient to strong wind effects than high-rise buildings, towers, and electrical transmission lines; however the complexity of these structures implies higher vulnerability of their exposed structural elements such as bridge decks, towers and cables. The aerodynamic stability verification of each element of bridges, and of the entire bridge structure, became a standard criteria for the long-span bridges design process; however a global tendency of developing and implementing a new generation of twin and triple deck bridges, which have the outstanding advantage of extending the main spans dimensions to more than 2,000 m, is currently undertaken by several international research communities. The Canadian representation in this topic consists in the quadruple bridge deck prototype, proposed by the applicant, which was tested by conventional experimental methods, and proved to have better aerodynamic stability. However, for long-span bridges with complex deck configurations, to pass extreme winds safety criteria verification, novel and versatile tests and dynamic stability criteria must be diligently elaborated and carried out.