Using FRC and UHPFRC with conventional reinforcement for the seismic design and rehabilitation of bridge piers and for the design of bridge superstructure elements

加拿大是世界工业化国家之一，其战略基础设施受到最恶劣的气候条件的影响。在魁北克，由于重力荷载和耐久性问题，大约10000座桥梁中仍有35%需要修复。由于传统混凝土修复的耐久性有限，这种修复过程很快就变成了一个永无止境的循环。在过去的几十年里，人们对地震危险和一些混凝土结构缺陷的了解表明，1980年以前建造的结构是脆弱的。这尤其影响到加拿大人口稠密地区的桥梁。事实上，魁北克80%的桥梁是在现代地震规定之前建造的，只有极少数的桥梁被修复以符合当前的地震标准。这影响了许多生命线和主要路线桥梁。

Canada is one of the world industrialised countries where strategic infrastructures are subjected to the most severe climatic conditions. In Quebec, 35% of the ±10000 bridges still need to be rehabilitated for gravity loads and durability [1]. This rehabilitation process quickly becomes a never ending cycle due to the limited durability of repairs with conventional concrete. Knowledge gained in the past decades on the seismic hazard and on the deficiencies of several concrete structures demonstrated the vulnerability of structures built before 1980. This particularly affects bridges in densely populated regions of Canada. In fact, 80% of bridges in Quebec were built prior to modern seismic provisions, from which only a very few have been rehabilitated to conform to current seismic standards. This affects many lifeline and major-route bridges.