Dynamic impact response of nanostructured and hybrid aluminum alloys

铝合金具有密度低、比强度高等优点，是航空航天结构和军用战车防护装甲的首选材料。它们提供了独特的减轻重量的优势，从而提高了飞机的燃油效率，并便于作战车辆的机动性。在这些应用中，铝合金必须具有良好的抗冲击载荷失效能力，无论是飞机的鸟击还是作战车辆中的弹丸。在动态冲击载荷作用下，金属合金发生强烈应变局部化，最终形成绝热剪切带(ASB)。这往往会引发灾难性的失败。合金承受冲击破坏的能力取决于其抗ASB形成的能力。几种高强度铝合金在动态冲击载荷下，由于其对ASB的高敏感性而灾难性地失效。随着现代飞机发动机静音引起的鸟击事件的增加，以及对改进的轻质防护装甲的需求，开发具有更强的抗冲击损伤能力的铝合金是不可避免的。

Aluminum alloys are choice materials for application in aerospace structures and as protective armor in military combat vehicles due to their low density and high specific strength. They offer unique advantages of weight reduction leading to fuel efficiency in aircraft and easy maneuverability in combat vehicles. In these applications, Al alloys must have good failure resistance to impact load, whether from bird strike for aircraft or projectiles in combat vehicles. When exposed to dynamic shock loading, intense strain localization culminating in development of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) occurs in metallic alloys. This often triggers catastrophic failure. The ability of an alloy to withstand impact failure is determined by its resistance to formation of ASBs. Several high strength aluminum alloys fail catastrophically under dynamic impact loading due to their high susceptibility to formation of ASBs. With increasing incidences of bird strikes due to quieter engines in modern aircraft, and the need for improved lightweight protective armor, development of aluminum alloys with enhanced resistance to impact damage is inevitable.