Novel Building Integrated Energy Systems Toward Net-zero Energy Status

拟议研究的目标是通过数学建模，模拟和优化单个组件及其集成系统，并通过现有测试设施进行实验验证，开发适用于净零能耗建筑应用的新型建筑集成能源系统。该研究将集中于新的和创新的可再生能源技术，如太阳能光伏/集热器，太阳能辅助两级变容量空气源热泵，组合式低火用地板/辐射板/强制空气间隔空调系统，热质和相变材料作为建筑物组成部分的应用，以及不同系统的混合组合，以及考虑建筑物及其HVAC系统动态和短期天气预报信息的总体最佳设计参数和控制策略，以最大限度地利用现场可再生能源潜力，同时保持适当的室内热舒适度。该项目将专注于结合建筑集成光伏/热（BIPV/T）集热器与先进的两级（TS）可变容量（VC）空气源热泵（ASHP）作为主要能源产生机制，同时探索不同的互补二级HVAC分配系统，用于净零能源建筑的供暖和制冷应用。重点还将放在临时/昼夜热存储系统领域，无论是建筑集成和/或离散，以最大限度地利用BIPV/T+ASHP组合系统的太阳能发电。为了实现所述目标，研究可以大致分为四个主要的子项目，每个子项目集中在完整系统的不同但互补的方面。这些子项目是1）屋顶BIPV/T+ASHP系统的设计、建模、仿真和优化，2）临时/昼夜蓄热系统的设计、建模、仿真和优化，3）组合BIPV/T + ASHP系统的运行优化建模和分析，以及4）临时/昼夜蓄热系统的运行优化。从拟议的研究结果将提供现实和准确的建模工具，用于设计，评估和建筑集成可再生能源系统的组件大小及其在先进的混合可再生能源发电及其相关的暖通空调分配系统的建筑物的最佳操作控制策略。这种综合模拟工具目前缺乏，它们的可用性，特别是与国家的最先进的建筑能源模拟程序，如TRNecycle和EnergyPlus，可能会促进更快地采用这些环保，清洁能源系统在建筑行业，这反过来又将有助于加拿大的承诺，环境，同时提高我们的经济竞争力。拟议的研究项目将提供建模工具和运营策略，能够预测不同先进建筑集成能源系统（如BIPV/T+ASHP）的行为和性能，作为一个整体，并作为建筑物中广泛和高度动态的热和电力需求条件下的每个单独组件。这样的模型将在以下方面是有用的：1）估计不同的单独系统以及它们的组合混合配置能耗和相关联的GHG减少潜力，2）确定不同系统在不同气候和建筑类型中的适用性，3）确定用于给定应用的集成系统及其相关联的部件的最佳尺寸，4）评估不同的系统优化和操作策略，五是促进技术商品化。

The objective of the proposed research is to develop novel building integrated energy systems suitable for net-zero energy building applications through mathematical modelling, simulation, and optimization of individual components as well as their integrated systems with experimental validation from the available testing facilities. The research will focus on new and innovative renewable energy technologies such as solar photovoltaic/thermal collector, solar assisted two-stage variable capacity air-source heat pump, combined low-exergy infloor/radiant panel/forced air spacing conditioning system, applications of thermal mass and phase change materials as an integral part of the building, and hybrid combinations of different systems, as well as their overall optimal design parameters and control strategies considering the building and its HVAC system dynamics and short term weather forecast information for maximum utilization of on-site renewable energy potentials while maintaining proper indoor thermal comfort. The project will concentrate on the combined building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) collectors coupled with advanced two-stage (TS) variable capacity (VC) air source heat pump (ASHP) as the primary energy generation mechanism while exploring different complementary secondary HVAC distribution systems for both heating and cooling applications in net-zero energy buildings. Emphasis will also be placed in the area of temporary/diurnal thermal storage systems, be they building integrated and/or discrete, for the maximum utilization of the solar energy generation by the combined BIPV/T+ASHP system. To achieve the stated objective the research can be loosely divided into four major subprojects with each concentrating on different but complementary aspect of the complete system. These subprojects are 1) Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization of Roof based BIPV/T+ASHP System, 2) Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization of Temporary/Diurnal Thermal Storage System, 3) Operational Optimization Modeling and Analysis of Combined BIPV/T + ASHP System, and 4) Operational Optimization of Temporary/Diurnal Thermal Storage System. The results from the proposed research will provide realistic and accurate modeling tools for designing, assessing, and component sizing of building integrated renewable energy systems and their optimal operational control strategies in advanced hybrid renewable energy generation and their related HVAC distribution systems for buildings. Such integrated simulation tools are currently lacking and their availability, particularly with state-of-the-art building energy simulation program like TRNSYS and EnergyPlus, will likely promote faster adoption of these environmental-friendly, clean energy systems in the building sector, which in turn will contribute positively to Canada's commitment to the environment while increasing our economic competitiveness. The proposed research project will provide modeling tool and operational strategy able to predict the behaviour and performance of different advanced building integrated energy systems, such as BIPV/T+ASHP, as a whole and as each individual component in wide ranging and highly dynamic thermal and electrical demand conditions in buildings. Such models will be useful in 1) estimating different individual systems as well as their combined hybrid configurations energy consumption and associated GHG reduction potentials, 2) determining the suitability of different systems in different climates and building types, 3) determining the optimal size of the integrated systems and its associated components for given applications, 4) evaluating different system optimization and operational strategies, and 5) promoting technology commercialization.