Next-generation, robust, precise, satellite-driven positioning and navigation

全球定位系统(GPS)，现在更广泛地说，全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)是几米级户外定位和导航的事实上的国际标准。对全球导航卫星系统进行了许多改进，特别是高性能的全球导航卫星系统接收器和天线，以改善当地、区域或全球的性能(精度、准确性、完整性、可用性等)。在这些增强中，一种被称为“精确单点定位”或“PPP”的测量处理技术在全球水平上显著推进了这些目标，同时最大限度地减少了对地面基础设施的要求。我在约克大学的研究团队在过去十年中一直致力于改进PPP，拟议的研究计划现在准备将这些开发扩展到更广泛的定位和导航应用中，以提高定位精度、位置可用性和信息完整性。*研究计划建议将我之前两个DG的GNSS PPP研究发展推广到新一代厘米级GNSS技术，并将这种专业知识与新的低成本、消费级GNSS接收器和天线以及其他导航传感器相结合，以研究和开发精确(dm到cm级)、低成本、根植于全球导航卫星系统的强健导航解决方案。其结果将是成本高昂的精确卫星定位从少数商业和科学用户扩展到地图绘制；陆地/空中/海面(半)自动车辆/机器控制；步行导航；游戏/新应用；城市/受限环境；室外/室内导航；以及最终的无处不在的定位--能够在任何条件下不受限制地知道自己的位置。*短期目标是：1)完成通用GNSS PPP引擎的开发。2)在最小化先验信息的情况下，将大地测量硬件的GNSS PPP初始收敛时间从10分钟缩短到数十秒。3)在消费级低成本(GNSS芯片组)和超低成本(手机和平板电脑)硬件中实施、增强单频和双频GNSS PPP并将其商业化。4)将GNSS与PPP以及下一代低成本导航传感器相结合，以提供导航健壮性、精确度、完整性、抗干扰性和抗欺骗性。5)将GNSS PPP与高清地图导航相结合。

The Global Positioning System (GPS) and now more generally, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are the de facto international standard for outdoor positioning and navigation at the few-metre-level. Numerous augmentations have been made to GNSS, especially high-performance GNSS receivers and antennas, to allow for improved local, regional or global performance (precision, accuracy, integrity, availability, etc.). Of these augmentations, a measurement processing technique known as “Precise Point Positioning” or “PPP” has significantly advance these goals at the global level, while minimizing terrestrial infrastructure requirements. My research team at York University has been working on improvements to PPP over the last decade, and the proposed research program is now ready to expand these developments into a much wider range of positioning and navigation applications for improved location accuracy, position availability and information integrity.******The research program proposes to propagate the GNSS PPP research developments from my previous two DGs into a new generation of cm-level GNSS technology, and to combine this expertise with new low-cost, consumer grade GNSS receivers and antennas, as well as other navigation sensors, to research and develop precise (dm-to-cm-level), low-cost, robust navigation solutions rooted in GNSS. The result will be a significant widening of costly precise satellite-based positioning from a handful of commercial and scientific users to mapping; land/air/sea surface (semi-)autonomous vehicles / machine control; pedestrian navigation; gamming / new applications; urban / constrained environments; outdoor/indoor navigation; and, eventually, ubiquitous positioning – the ability to know one's location anywhere, under any conditions without constraints.******Short-term objectives are: 1) Complete development of universal GNSS PPP engine. 2) Reduce GNSS PPP initial convergence period for geodetic hardware down from ten minutes to tens of seconds with minimized a priori information. 3) Implement, enhance and commercialize single- and dual-frequency GNSS PPP in consumer-grade low-cost (GNSS chip sets) and ultra-low-cost (mobile phones and tablets) hardware. 4) Integrate GNSS with PPP, and the next-generation, low-cost navigation sensors to provide navigation robustness, precision, integrity, anti-jamming, and anti-spoofing. 5) Integrate GNSS PPP and high-definition (HD) mapping navigation.