Electroslag re-melting (ESR) of H13 steel: recycling and environmental process research

电渣重熔工艺（ESR）是一种用于生产用于航空航天、能源、采矿和模具应用的高价值钢锭的耗材电极重熔工艺。从电极到坩埚的交流电（AC）在炉渣中产生电阻加热，熔化电极，在坩埚中形成钢锭。RS +CO ltd正在安大略省科尔伯恩港建立一家增值钢厂，并确定了电渣重熔废棒后生产H13锭的工艺路线。这样做的目的是为了生产出和锻造的金条一样好甚至更好的质量。因此，RS+CO经过软退火和粗加工后，可以在铸造状态下销售，以满足挤压模具生产所需的圆尺寸。RS+CO to打算从世界各地的无缝管工厂回收**用过的/废弃的纯H13级芯棒，主要来自**美国/加拿大和欧洲。管厂通常因直径、脱落、裂纹等原因而拒绝芯棒，并且**使用的棒是坚固的，并且是一致的H13级预锻钢。因此，它们是在ESR炉中用作直接重熔电极的最佳原料**。北美管材厂每年产生约2000-3000吨H13旧芯棒，安大略省当地的ESR设施仅重新熔化H13**用棒作为直接电极，以生产ESR纯化的H13锭，这是加拿大回收和增值的一个很好的例子。该项目将侧重于ESR工艺的技术研究，以生产高质量的清洁H13钢，并将利用物理建模和数学模拟等工具研究与炉渣设计、炉渣回收和减排有关的问题。该项目将确保**再利用旧的H13芯棒，回收复杂的ESR碱性渣，以尽量减少废物/渣的倾倒，并**最终通过使用现有的最佳技术和超越当前的工业标准来减少排放。

The Electroslag Remelting process (ESR) is a consumable electrode remelting process for producing high**value steel ingots used in aerospace, energy, mining and tooling applications. Passage of an Alternating**Current (AC) from the electrode to the crucible creates resistive heating in the slag that melts the electrode to**build up the ingot in the crucible. RS +CO ltd is setting up a value added steel mill in Port Colborne, Ontario,**and has identified the ESR process route to produce H13 Ingots after remelting used bars. The idea is to**produce as good or better quality than forged bars. So RS+CO can sell in as cast condition after soft annealing**and rough machining to required round sizes for extrusion die production. RS+CO to intends to recycle**used/scrap mandrel bars of pure H13 grade from seamless tube mills around the world, mainly from**USA/Canada and Europe. The tube mills usually reject mandrel bars due to diameter, spalls, cracks, etc. and**the used bars are solid and of consistent H13 grade pre forged steel. Therefore, they are the best raw material**for using as a direct electrode for re-melting in an ESR furnace. North American tube mills generate about**2000-3000 tons of used H13 mandrels every year and an ESR facility locally in Ontario to only re-melt the H13**used bars as a direct electrode to produce ESR purified H13 ingot is an excellent example of recycling and**value addition in Canada. This project will focus on a technical study of the ESR process to produce high**quality clean H13 steels and will investigate the issues related to slag design, slag recycling and emissions**reductions using tools like physical modeling and mathematical simulation. This project will ensure it**REUSES old H13 mandrell bars, RECYCLE the complex ESR basic slag to minimize waste/slag dumping, and**finally REDUCE emissions by using best available technologies and outperform current industrial standards.