Increasing independence through access to technology

通用设计原则是在20世纪70年代引入的，以确保残疾人享有平等的机会。然而，这些原则主要侧重于行动问题，它们缺乏开发计算机访问工具的指导方针，以使有规划和运动障碍的个人参与进来。我打算通过开发一个框架来支持能够有效访问计算机的辅助技术设计来填补这一空白。这将使残疾人能够更多地参与社会。我的研究将包括开发一个模型，该模型考虑到人类运动的物理、规划和运动控制方面。我们将进一步开发一种通用设计的算法，以改善运动控制障碍患者的点击式计算机访问。*对计算机访问机制的研究可以提供对人、设备、条件和损害程度之间运动差异的根源的基本见解。我们建议开发一个游戏化的测试环境，允许我们从有或没有损伤的人那里收集运动时间、策略和轨迹的信息。游戏化的环境旨在激励参与者实现特定的目标，在这种情况下，向目标快速、准确地移动。我们已经证明，简单的运动模型不能代表残障人士，需要更复杂的模型。这些模型将为理解残疾个体复杂的协调模式提供基础，并可能有助于关于动态系统理论的更多基础研究。*给定不同的访问机制和模式，我们可以创建包含有损伤(错误点击、目标滑落、大弹道运动)用户共同特征的人类运动模型。这些模型将用于确定可以为其开发普遍适用的算法以增强计算机使用的规范和要求，例如，当光标更接近目标时，可能会降低光标速度的算法。将对5名本科生(UG)、2名MASC学生和4名博士生进行HQP培训。每个人都将熟练地与利益相关者沟通和进行循证研究。UG的学生将接受研究方案、伦理、动作分析系统方面的培训，并将帮助收集数据。MASC的学生将开发一种游戏化的测试方案，并评估当前的艺术状态。博士生将开发基于计算机访问的人体运动模型。*虽然许多研究人员开发了系统和算法来增加对计算机的访问，但这是第一个对运动进行建模的人，以便在开发算法之前更好地了解人类影响导致运动困难的原因。一个真正通用设计的系统可以为不同的人口群体和访问模式增强访问。**

The Principles of Universal Design were introduced in the 1970s to ensure equal access for people with impairments. However, these principles focused primarily on mobility issues and they lack guidelines for development of computer access tools to engage individuals with planning and motor disabilities. I intend to fill this gap by developing a framework to support assistive technology design that enables effective computer access. This will allow individuals with disabilities greater participation in society. My research will include development of a model that accounts for physical, planning and motor control aspects of human movement. We will further develop a universally designed algorithm that improves point and click computer access for people with motor control impairment.****Research into computer access mechanisms can provide fundamental insights into the sources of movement differences among people, devices, conditions, and impairment levels. We propose to develop a gamified testing environment that allows us to collect information about movement times, strategies, and trajectories from people with and without impairment. Gamified environments are designed to motivate participants to achieve specific goals, in this case, quick, accurate movements towards a target. We have shown that simple movement models are not representative for individuals with disability and more complex models are required. These models will provide the basis for understanding complex coordination patterns of individuals with disability and may contribute to more fundamental research regarding dynamic systems theory.****Given different mechanisms and modes of access, we can create models of human movement that include characteristics common to users with impairments (erroneous clicking, target slip-offs, large ballistic movements). These models will serve to identify specifications and requirements for which a universally applicable algorithm can be developed to enhance computer use, for example, one that may decrease cursor speed as the cursor gets closer to a target.****HQP training of five undergraduate (UG) students, two MASc students and four PhD students will occur. Each will become skilled in communicating with stakeholders and evidence-based research. The UG students will be trained in research protocols, ethics, motion analysis systems, and will assist in collecting data. The MASc students will develop a gamified testing protocol and evaluate the current state of the art. The PhD students will develop models of human movement based on computer access.****While many researchers develop systems and algorithms to increase access to computers, this is the first to model the movements to better understand what human effects contribute to movement difficulties before developing an algorithm. A truly universally designed system can enhance access for differing population groups and access modes.**