Ozone treatment of combined sewer overflow (CSO) for disinfection and micropollutant control

合流制污水系统的设计目的是将雨水径流、生活污水和工业废水收集在同一管道中，并将其输送到当地的污水处理厂（WWTP）。在大雨和暴风雪期间，联合下水道的流量高于正常流量。污水处理厂无法处理这些流量，这些流量可能是工厂设计能力的5至6倍。因此，一部分多余的雨水和未经处理的废水，也称为合流污水溢流（CSO），必须转移到接收环境，几乎没有处理。民间社会组织用于减轻合流下水道系统的过载，以防止住宅和商业建筑以及当地街道的下水道堵塞。然而，如果民间社会组织未经适当处理就排入河流，它们可能会影响受纳水体的水质和环境生态系统。CSO可能含有溶解的污染物，如药品和个人护理产品、颗粒有机物负荷、细菌和病毒。因此，迫切需要加强对民间社会组织的处理，以减少其对环境的影响。拟议的NSERC合作研究与开发（CRD）计划将在城市污水领域进行全面的基础和应用研究，重点是深入了解臭氧化的工艺基础，处理机制和CSO处理的实际适用性。拟议的CRD计划的总体目标是开发一种有效的基于臭氧的处理方法，将处理过的CSO安全释放到环境中。使用臭氧化或催化臭氧化作为消毒剂和氧化剂可能是一个可行的选择，同时提高消毒能力，以满足监管要求和目标的微污染物是存在于民间社会组织。该NSERC CRD计划是废水处理的一项重大进步，提供了一种增强的基于臭氧的处理方法，旨在提高排放到环境中的CSO的整体质量，并促进加拿大环境和人类健康的保护。

Combined sewer systems are designed to collect stormwater runoff, domestic sewage, and industrial wastewater in the same pipe and bring it to the local wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). During heavy rain and snow storms, combined sewers receive higher than normal flows. WWTPs are unable to handle these flows that may be as much as 5 to 6 time the plant's design capacity. Therefore, a portion of the excess stormwater and untreated wastewater, also called combined sewer overflow (CSO), has to be diverted to the receiving environment with little to no treatment. The CSOs are used to alleviate the overloading of the combined sewer system to prevent sewer backups in residential and commercial buildings and local streets. However, CSOs can impact the water quality and environmental ecosystems in the receiving water bodies if they are discharged into rivers without receiving proper treatment. CSOs may contain dissolved contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, particulate organic matter loads, bacteria and viruses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to enhance the treatment of CSOs to reduce their environmental impacts. The proposed NSERC Collaborative Research and Development (CRD) Program will conduct a comprehensive fundamental and applied research in the area of municipal wastewater, with a focus on a deep understanding of ozonation in terms of process fundamentals, treatment mechanisms, and practical applicability for CSO treatment. The overall objective of the proposed CRD Program is to develop an effective ozone-based treatment approach for the safe release of treated CSOs into the environment. Using ozonation or catalytic ozonation as disinfectant and oxidant may be a viable option to simultaneously enhance the disinfection capabilities to meet the regulatory requirements and target micropollutants that are present in CSOs. This NSERC CRD program is a major advancement in wastewater treatment by providing an enhanced ozone-based treatment approach, aiming to improve the overall quality of the discharged CSOs into the environment and promote the protection of the environment and human health in Canada.