Development of planning and estimating scaffolding system using BIM paradigm

工业建设项目(如炼油厂)依赖模块化建造流程，这种流程**环保，完工时间短，并采用具有成本竞争力的技术。PCL**工业管理公司作为重工业项目的总承包商，采取了模块化**施工方法，在异地预制设施生产管架模块，并将其交付到**建筑工地进行安装。在这方面，管理团队主要专注于通过规划高效的运营和流程来缩短预制流程的**周期时间，并设计更好的物流(即起重机吊装研究和运输**物流)，通过仔细的规划可以**消除高达20%的运营。然而，以前的研究和公司实践并没有**注意脚手架系统(占直接工作总工时的30%-40%)，尽管在预制和建筑工地提供临时高架平台以方便**工人的工作和材料移动是必不可少的。在这方面，在建设项目的整个生命周期中对脚手架进行有效的规划和评估，可以显著提高项目的生产率和安全性，**并降低项目成本。因此，我们提出了一种涉及以下程序的方法：(I)研究**现有的脚手架流程和重工业项目的要求；(Ii)根据确定脚手架和相关特定行业的位置、**使用脚手架所花费的工时和任务时间、以及所使用的脚手架的重量/体积来开发数据库**结构和成本指标；以及(Iii)将BIM与数据可视化**相结合，以了解和监测**建筑工地上与项目进度相对应的脚手架工作的使用情况。拟议研究的结果将用于**为未来工业项目的**项目生产力和安全改进**制定更准确的脚手架规划和估计。

Industrial construction projects (e.g., oil refineries) rely on a modular construction process which is**environmentally-friendly, provides a short completion time, and uses cost-competitive technology. PCL**Industrial Management Inc., as a general contractor in heavy industrial projects, has taken up a modular**construction approach to produce piperack modules at an offsite prefabrication facility and deliver them to the**construction site for installation. In this respect, the management team has mainly focused on reducing the**cycle time of the prefabrication process and designing better logistics (i.e., crane lift studies and transportation**logistics) by planning efficient operations and processes, where as much as 20% of operations can be**eliminated through careful planning. However, previous research and company practice have not given**attention to the scaffolding system (30-40% of the total man-hours of direct work), even though it is essential**on both prefabrication and construction sites to provide temporary elevated platforms to facilitate the work of**labourers and the movement of materials. In this respect, the effective planning and estimating of scaffolding**throughout the life cycle of the construction project can improve significantly project productivity and safety,**and reduce project cost. We thus propose a method which involves the following procedures: (i) study of the**existing scaffolding process and the requirements for heavy industrial projects; (ii) development of a database**structure and cost metrics based on identifying the locations of scaffolds and associated specific trades,**man-hours and task times spent using scaffolds, and weights/volumes of the scaffolds used; and (iii) integration**of BIM with data visualization in order to understand and monitor the utilization of the scaffolding work on the**construction site corresponding to the project progress. The results of the proposed research will be used to**develop more accurate scaffolding planning and estimation for project productivity and safety improvement in**future industrial projects.