Transport of Airborne Pollutants from Industry and Traffic Sources and Absorption by Forest Environments

车辆和工业场所排放的空气污染物和温室气体与周围的森林和植被相互作用。森林可以改变污染物或将它们储存在树冠中，以便稍后释放。在某些情况下，由于先前储存的颗粒的释放和冠层内新颗粒的生长，森林似乎是一个污染源。因此，森林对气体和气溶胶污染物输送的净效应需要进一步研究。***建议研究车辆和工业排放的污染物及其与森林环境的相互作用。研究将主要集中在气溶胶上，尽管主要的主要气相污染物和温室气体，如NOx、SO2、CO和CO2也将进行研究。该研究计划将有两个目标：首先，表征污染物在源头的排放、混合和运输；其次，分析这些污染物在森林冠层内的吸收、混合和进化。***拟议的研究将包括两个实地研究领域。第一个是安大略省中南部地区，包括多伦多，401和400高速公路，以及位于混交林中的博登森林研究站（BFRS）。BFRS是一个44米高的塔，由加拿大环境部运营，用来测量许多污染和气候相关的变量。第二个实地研究区域是位于北方森林的阿尔伯塔阿萨巴斯卡油砂区。作为加拿大-阿尔伯塔油砂联合监测项目（JOSM）的一部分，飞机和地面污染物测量于2013年在阿萨巴斯卡地区进行。建议在对该地区进行进一步研究期间，利用这些公开可用的数据，并与加拿大环境部合作收集正在进行的测量数据。***这项拟议的研究旨在对交通和工业排放的污染物以及森林吸收的污染物提供一个从头到尾的准确概述。这对加拿大尤其重要，因为该国有巨大的森林覆盖，而且这些森林靠近工业和城市地区。这项研究将增进对森林在处理污染物中的作用的了解，这将改进区域和全球空气污染模型，并允许制定更有效的政策和污染物管制。**

Airborne pollutants and greenhouse gases emitted from vehicle traffic and industrial sites interact with surrounding forest and vegetation. The forest can modify pollutants or store them within the canopy to be released later. In some cases, the forest can appear to be a source of pollution, due to the release of previously stored particles and the growth of new particles within the canopy. Hence the net effect of the forest on the transport of gas and aerosol pollutants requires further study.***It is proposed to study the emission of pollutants from vehicles and industry and the interaction of these pollutants with the forest environment. Research will focus primarily on aerosols, although key primary gas-phase pollutants and greenhouse gases such as NOx, SO2, CO, and CO2 will also be investigated. The research program will have a two-fold objective: firstly to characterize the emissions, mixing, and transport of pollutants at the source; and secondly to analyze the absorption, mixing, and evolution of these pollutants within a forest canopy.***The proposed research will comprise two field study areas. The first is the south-central Ontario region which includes Toronto, Highways 401 and 400, and the Borden Forest Research Station (BFRS), which is located in a mixed forest. The BFRS is a 44-m high tower operated by Environment Canada which is instrumented to measure many pollution and climate-related variables. The second field study area is the Alberta Athabasca oil-sands region, which is situated in the Boreal forest. Aircraft and ground-based pollutant measurements were made in the Athabasca region in 2013 as part of the Joint Canada-Alberta Oil Sands Monitoring Program (JOSM). It is proposed to use this publicly available data and to collect ongoing measurements in collaboration with Environment Canada during further studies in the area. ***This proposed research aims to provide an accurate start-to-finish overview of pollutant emission by traffic and industry and absorption by forests. This is especially relevant to Canada given the country's enormous forest cover and the proximity of these forests to industrial and urban areas. This research will lead to increased understanding of the forest's role in the processing of pollutants, which will improve regional and global air pollution models and allow for more effective policy and pollutant regulation. **