Advancing Urban Stormwater Modelling and Management

加拿大每年冬天在道路和停车场使用超过50亿公斤的道路盐，用于冬季道路维护和除冰作业。我们的研究团队敏锐地调查并发表了对城市河流中水生生物不利的水质影响的严重性以及我们宝贵的饮用水源的惊人快速退化率[1] [8]。许多市政当局已经推出了新的举措，以满足公众日益增长的兴趣，从可持续水管理的角度适当管理我们城市中道路盐的不利影响。这项为期五年的研究计划将采用理论，实验室实验，现场规模的试点测试，身体上-基于数值模型以及新的机器学习技术，以推进创新方法的开发，更准确地划定城市雨水污染源，并对道路盐的命运和运输特性进行描述，以更好地保护源沃茨免受进一步退化，并将开发新的和改善受损沃茨质量的创新技术/解决方案。该研究计划的短期目标将包括：（1）开发具有用户友好界面的新型模型，该模型可供道路管理部门和市政当局使用，以便在给定的冬季风暴事件期间在正确的时间在道路和停车场上明智地规定道路盐的正确数量;（2）改进新一代路旁沟渠初次冲刷径流收集及处理系统的设计，以保护环境易受影响的地区;（3）对雨水管理湿塘中道路盐分引起的密度驱动分层和三维混合以及城市河流中接受氯化物浓度-持续时间统计数据进行更准确的建模，特别是在春季产卵的关键时期，以保护敏感的水生生物;（4）调查关键的自然和人为因素之间的复杂的非线性相互关系（例如氯化物浓度-持续时间统计），控制城市溪流生境对水生生物的适宜性;以及（5）提高对地表水中道路盐的运输机制的科学认识，因为道路盐通过路边沟渠和渗漏的雨水管道网络，污染了我们宝贵的饮用水源和城市溪流。

Canada uses more than five Billion kilograms of road salt every winter on roads and parking lots for winter road maintenance and de-icing operations. Our research team has keenly investigated and published on the severity of the adverse water quality effects on aquatic life in urban streams and the alarming rapid rate of degradation of our invaluable drinking water sources [1] [8]. Many municipalities have introduced new initiatives to address the growing public interest for properly managing the adverse effects of road salts in our cities from a sustainable water management perspective. This five-year research program will apply a combination of theoretical, laboratory experiments, field-scale pilot tests, physically-based numerical models as well as novel machine learning techniques to advance the development of innovative methods for more accurate urban stormwater contaminant source delineation and on the fate and transport characterization of road salts for better protection of source waters from further degradation and will develop new and innovative techniques/solutions for improvement of the quality of impaired waters. The short-term goals of this research program, will include: (1) development of novel models with users-friendly interfaces that can be used by road authorities and municipalities to judiciously prescribe the right amount(s) of road salt to be applied at the right time(s) on roadways and parking lots during a given winter storm event; (2) advancement of the design of a new generation of roadside ditch first-flush runoff capture and treatment systems for protection of the environmentally sensitive areas; (3) development of more accurate modelling of the road salt-induced density-driven stratification and 3D mixing in stormwater management wet ponds and on the chloride concentration-duration statistics in the receiving urban streams, particularly during the critical Spring spawning period for protection of the sensitive aquatic life; (4) investigation of the complex nonlinear inter-relationships among the key natural and anthropogenic factors (e.g. chloride concentration-duration statistics) that govern urban stream habitat suitability for aquatic life; and (5) advancement of the scientific knowledge on the transport mechanisms of road salt in surface water as it travels through roadside ditches and leaky storm sewer networks, polluting both our precious drinking water sources and urban streams.