Data driven REActive Modelling

我们生活在一个计算机图形学扮演着越来越重要角色的世界里。无论是与电子游戏互动，还是模拟精细的外科手术，都需要精确的现实世界物体模型。在最近的历史中，看起来逼真的模型已经满足了电影和游戏行业的需求，但对于模拟外科手术或扑灭森林火灾来说，以逼真的方式运行的模型是必要的。尽管图形处理器单元（GPU）的出现使当前的模型能够实时逼真地呈现，但这些机器的架构是围绕几十年前构建的建模范例设计的。基于小三角形网格的范式不是根据物体的体积或行为来设计的。在这项研究中，我们寻求新的范式来描述存在于真实或人工世界中的模型，但可以对周围环境做出反应，在增强或虚拟现实情况下与真实物体一起表现得真实。****这样的范例可能不适合当前GPU技术支持的管道。事实上，新的管道架构很可能是这项研究的未来延伸。计算机图形学的许多工作只着眼于解决即时问题，以制作逼真的游戏或电影。在这项研究中，我们展望了未来几十年的精确模拟，例如人体，以及这种模拟可能涉及的所有物理相互作用，都可以实时支持。******我们希望找到新的方法来简化3D模型的表示，设计和动画任务，特别是在模型必须符合许多物理和美学约束的情况下，以及在动画中，这些约束可以实时变化。******结果将是一个反应模型，其行为考虑到它所存在的世界。近期的目标是扩展隐式建模的概念，在隐式建模中，模型被表示为标量场中的等面。这样的字段可以从几何和其他原语生成，这些原语可以来自数据或交互输入，或者两者的组合。通过设计合适的函数，场及其梯度的组合可以产生复杂的反应性模型。******我们最近的工作结合了网格和隐式建模，以实现迄今为止动画角色中最准确，实时，自动的皮肤变形。我们希望扩展这项工作，并寻找一个更合适的范例，将多个学科的知识结合在一起，包括计算机图形学、视觉、人机交互和人工智能。我们也将目光投向理论以外的应用领域，如软组织模拟，这将加强神经外科等领域的培训

Data Driven Reactive Modelling: Summary***We live in a world where computer graphics plays an ever increasing part. Whether it is interacting with a video game or simulating a delicate surgical operation, accurate models of real world objects are required. In recent history, models that appear realistic have satisfied the movie and games industries, but for simulations of surgical procedures or fighting forest fires models that behave in a realistic fashion are necessary. Although the advent of the Graphics Processor Unit (GPU) has enabled current models to be realistically rendered in real time, the architecture of these machines is designed around paradigms for modelling that were built decades ago. Paradigms based on meshes of tiny triangles were not designed to represent objects by their volume nor by their behaviour. In this research we seek new paradigms to describe models that exist in a real or artificial world, but can react to their surroundings, behaving realistically alongside real objects in an enhanced or virtual reality situation. ****Such a paradigm may not fit within the pipeline that is supported by current GPU technology. Indeed, new pipeline architecture could well be a future extension of this research. Much work in computer graphics looks only at solving immediate problems to produce realistic games or movies. In this research we look ahead to future decades where accurate simulation, for example of the human body, and all the physical interactions such a simulation might involve, can be supported in real time. ******We wish to find new methods to ease the task of representation, design and animation of 3D models, particularly where the model has to conform to a number of physical and aesthetic constraints, and in animation, where the constraints can change in real time.******The result will be a reactive model, whose behaviour takes account of the world in which it exists. The near future goal is to extend the concept of implicit modelling, in which models are represented as an iso-surface in a scalar field. Such a field can be generated from geometric and other primitives, which can be derived from data or interactive input, or a combination of the two. By designing suitable functions the combination of fields and their gradients can yield complex, reactive models.******Our most recent work combined mesh and implicit modelling to achieve the most accurate, real time, automatic skin deformations to date in an animated character. We wish to extend this work as well as search for a more suitable paradigm that will bring together knowledge from several disciplines, including computer graphics, vision, HCI and artificial intelligence. We also look beyond the theoretical to application areas such as a soft tissue simulation that will enhance training in fields such as neurosurgery.**