Development Polysaccharide Materials with Tunable Physicochemical Properties

简介：吸附过程是至关重要的和普遍存在的性质，并代表了一个基本步骤，许多广泛的化学应用。吸附去除是在复杂基质（如水生环境）中吸收和分离化学物质的最便宜和技术上有效的方法。吸附材料，如多糖生物聚合物，具有相当大的科学和技术价值，因为它们独特的性质可以被利用来解决一系列的技术应用（例如，环境修复，药物的控制释放，化学分离，食品加工）。天然存在的多糖的合成改性为其分子结构和功能特性的增量调整提供了广泛的机会。******目的：提出的研究的长期目标是开发具有可调性能的多糖基吸附剂，并更好地了解其分子结构与吸附性能之间的关系。为了实现这一目标，拟议的研究侧重于三个短期目标：1)使用一系列多糖平台和交联剂设计和表征吸收材料的结构；2)使用已知方法表征吸收剂-客体系统的结构和等温线特性；3)使用多种方法(例如，光谱、热力学、以及动力学研究)以建立多糖的分子结构与功能吸附特性之间的关系。******影响：该研究项目建立在Wilson先前的研究和HQP培训的基础上。学员将通过先进的培训和技能，从新型多糖材料的开发和其性质的最新研究中探索新的方向。本研究在阐明结构-功能关系方面为基础科学做出了巨大贡献，并为广泛的技术应用提供了新的知识和技术解决方案；水修复、健康、先进药物输送和生物燃料处理。对催化和其他基于吸附剂的应用的改进吸附剂材料的需求预计将持续到未来。该研究项目将通过解决与材料科学、环境科学和吸附科学技术相关的各种实际问题，使加拿大的经济和环境部门受益。吸附材料的研发与学术界、工业界和社会相关，同时该研究计划为加拿大政府2007年科学技术战略中描述的相关领域的HQP提供高级培训和技能。*****

INTRODUCTION: Adsorption processes are vital and ubiquitous in nature, and represent a fundamental step to many wide-ranging chemical applications. Adsorptive removal represents the least expensive and technically efficient method for the uptake and separation of chemical species in complex matrices such as aquatic environments. Adsorbent materials such as polysaccharide biopolymers are of considerable scientific and technological interest because their unique properties can be exploited to address a range of technological applications (e.g., environmental remediation, controlled release of pharmaceuticals, chemical separations, food processing). Synthetic modification of naturally occurring polysaccharides offers wide-ranging opportunities for incremental tuning of their molecular structure and functional properties. ******OBJECTIVES: The long-term goal of the proposed research is to develop polysaccharide-based sorbents with tunable properties and to gain a better understanding of the relationship between their molecular structure and sorption properties. To achieve this goal, the proposed research focuses on three short-term objectives: 1) the design and structural characterization of sorbent materials using a range of polysaccharide platforms and cross-linking agents, 2) characterization of the textural and isotherm properties of sorbent-guest systems using known methods, and 3) to determine the molecular level details of sorption processes for selected systems using multiple approaches (e.g., spectroscopic, thermodynamic, and kinetic studies) to establish a relationship between molecular structure and functional sorption properties of polysaccharides. ******IMPACT: This research program builds upon previous contributions in Wilson's research and the training of HQP. Trainees will explore new directions through advanced training and skills from the development of new types of polysaccharide materials and state-of-the-art studies of their properties. Along with strong contributions to fundamental science in the elucidation of structure-function relationships, this research contributes new knowledge and technological solutions to a wide range of technology applications; water remediation, health, advanced drug delivery, and biofuels processing. The demand for improved sorbent materials for catalysis and other sorbent-based applications is expected to continue well into the future. This research program will benefit Canada's economy and environmental sectors by solving diverse practical problems related to materials science, environmental science, and adsorption science and technology. The R&D of sorbent materials is relevant to academia, industry, and society whilst this research program provides advanced training and skills for HQP in relevant areas described in the Government of Canada's 2007 Science & Technology strategy.*****