Heterogeneous Integration and Mechanical Manipulation of Flexible Nanoelectronic Devices

目前价值160亿美元的柔性电子市场正以14.5%的年增长率增长，预计到2024年将达到670亿美元。在过去的十年中，与这项技术相关的研究和开发活动一直是滑铁卢大学（UW）的工作重点，在此期间，研究人员为该领域做出了重大贡献。该计划将进一步扩大这些努力，以创造机会，引领这一迅速崛起的技术集群，并使下一代柔性纳米技术能够在大面积电子产品中广泛应用。该计划的目标是开发和联合收割机与纳米材料的新颖和传统的加工技术，以创建功能增强的柔性电子设备。该计划将研究三维（3-D）纳米线与二维（2-D）电子材料的串联使用，以开发纳米电子学，该纳米电子学将利用机械弯曲来增强电子系统的功能。* 在一个焦点中，将纳米线集成到塑料上将利用在机械弯曲期间从表面突出的纳米线的移动。随着纳米线移动得更靠近在一起，纳米线内的光的光学吸收增强。这种效应可以在基于锗的太阳能电池和传感器中利用，以提高电池效率或创建具有高灵敏度的光学传感器。第二项研究将探索弯曲对低维过渡金属二硫属化物的影响，以创造出机械宽容的高性能电子产品。* 3-D传感器和2-D电子器件的结合将导致功能增强的传感器系统。该计划将展示共形传感器阵列的集成技术。现有的成像技术，例如数码相机，在平面传感器的前面具有一系列光学器件，以最小化捕获图像的失真。一个灵活的阵列可以符合更多的功能形状，如眼睛的形式，允许低失真和更高的灵敏度使用简单的光学。该计划将影响太阳能，平板显示器和医疗成像行业，并将对高性能，机械耐用和节能便携式电子设备的新兴应用产生长期影响。每一个研究组成部分也可用于各种应用，使技术易于向工业界传播。学生将接触的技术领域的范围将为他们提供在纳米技术领域的深入培训;这种培训将使他们能够进行未来的研究活动，以影响整个领域，并为他们提供这种技术将如何影响和影响新兴的商业应用的基本理解。**

The current $16B flexible electronics market is growing at an annual rate of 14.5% and is predicted to reach $67B in 2024. Research and development activities related to this technology have been a focus of work conducted at the University Of Waterloo (UW) over the past decade, during which time researchers have made significant contributions to the field. This program will further expand these efforts to create opportunities to lead this rapidly emerging technology cluster and enable the next generation of flexible nanotechnology for a wide range of applications in large-area electronics.***The goals of this program are to develop and combine novel and conventional processing techniques with nano-materials to create functionally enhanced devices for flexible electronics. The program will investigate the use of three-dimensional (3-D) nanowires in tandem with two-dimensional (2-D) electronic materials to develop nanoelectronics that will take advantage of mechanical bending to enhance the functionality of the electronic system. ***In one focus, the integration of nanowires onto plastic will take advantage of the movement of nanowires protruding from the surface during mechanical bending. As the nanowires move closer together the optical absorption of light within the nanowires is enhanced. This effect can be exploited in nanowire-based solar cells and sensors for enhancing cell efficiency or creating optical sensors with high sensitivity. A second study will explore the effect of bending on low-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides to create high-performance electronics that are also mechanically forgiving. ***The combination of the 3-D sensors and 2-D electronics will lead to functionally enhanced sensor systems. The program will demonstrate an integrated technology for conformal sensor arrays. Existing imaging technology, such as digital cameras, have a series of optics in front of a flat sensor to minimize distortion of the captured image. A flexible array can conform to a more functional shape, such as the form of an eye, allowing low distortion and higher sensitivity using simple optics.***The program will impact the solar energy, flat-panel display, and medical imaging industry, and will have a long-term influence on emerging applications for high-performance, mechanically robust, and energy-efficient portable electronic devices. Each of the research components can also be used for a variety of applications, permitting easy dissemination of technology to industry. The range of technical areas to which students will be exposed will provide them with in-depth training in the field of nanotechnology; this training will allow them to conduct future research activities to impact the field as a whole, and to provide to them a fundamental understanding of how this technology will influence and impact emerging commercial applications. **