Material-Centric Design of Advanced Electromagnetic Surfaces

先进的电磁表面(AE)能够轻松地实现对电磁辐射的非凡控制，因此能够开发出用于无线通信的激动人心的新型天线和组件。它们对于实现定向和自适应天线是不可或缺的，这些天线是5G等未来系统的基石。尽管在AES衍生天线方面取得了进展，但它们的影响只有在它们同时实现更大的带宽、可重构性、效率以及--关键是--总体设计简易性之后才能完全实现。*拟议的研究计划提出了一种新的以材料为中心的AES设计方法，将其视为可以使用材料信息学技术进行设计的材料。目前，AES的设计围绕着特别的、基于试错的设计方法，设计时间长达数周或更长时间。提出的方法利用计算的进步来利用机器学习(ML)来增强AES的设计。提出的方法将建立一个以有效材料参数为特征的大型AES散射体几何数据库，允许材料信息学的技术有效地对这些设计进行分类。ML增强设计方法将从这些数据中训练出来，并用于从给定的规范集快速准确地推导出所需的AES散射体几何形状，从而将设计时间缩短至数小时或更短。从长远来看，拟议的研究计划旨在从根本上改变AES的设计方式，并使用这种设计范例来发现新的AES能力。*短期而言，拟议的研究计划旨在使用以材料为中心的设计方法来设计和实施新的天线架构。三个短期目标是：1)设计工作在毫米波频率范围的超宽带自动发射系统；2)大大提高基于AES的天线的波束效率，例如多波束卫星天线；以及3)利用所提出的方法设计可重构的自动发射系统，以实现宽带、高效、自适应天线。*该研究计划将对无线通信系统和自动发射系统领域产生重大影响。从以材料为中心的方法衍生出的AES将达到新的性能和功能水平，从而将下一代无线通信系统的容量提高到每秒几千兆位的水平。从长远来看，ML增强设计方法将通过促进AES的快速合成和自动发现新的AES材料的平台来彻底改变AES的设计方式。通过托管这些材料的公共、不断增长的数据库，我们还寻求通过采用开放的方法来推动它们设计的变化。这一全新的设计范式将在未来几年迎来新一代AES材料、发现和设计师。**

Advanced electromagnetic surfaces (AESs) have enabled the development of exciting new antennas and components for wireless communications owing to the ease with which they achieve extraordinary control of electromagnetic radiation. They are indispensable for realizing directive and adaptive antennas, which are cornerstones of future systems such as 5G. Despite advances in AES-derived antennas, their impact will not be fully realized until they simultaneously achieve greater bandwidth, reconfigurability, efficiency, and - critically - overall ease of design. ******The proposed research program puts forth a new material-centric design methodology for AESs that views them as materials that can be designed using material-informatic techniques. Currently, the design of AESs revolves around ad hoc, trial-and-error based design methods with lengthy design times spanning weeks or longer. The proposed approach harnesses advances in computing to augment the design of AESs using machine learning (ML). The proposed approach will build a large database of AES scatterer geometries characterized by effective material parameters, allowing techniques from material informatics to efficiently catalogue these designs. An ML-augmented design method will be trained from this data and used to quickly and accurately derive required AES scatterer geometries from a given set of specifications, cutting design times to hours or less. In the long term, the proposed research program aims to fundamentally change the way AESs are designed, and use this design paradigm to discover new AES capabilities.******In the short term, the proposed research program aims to devise and implement new antenna architectures using the material-centric design approach. Three short term objectives are to: 1) devise ultra-wideband AESs operating in the millimetre-wave frequency range; 2) greatly improve the beam efficiency of AES-derived antennas, such as multi-beam satellite antennas; and 3) devise reconfigurable AESs using the proposed approach in order to achieve wideband, high efficiency, adaptive antennas.******The proposed research program will have major impact on wireless communication systems and the field of AESs. AESs derived from the material-centric approach will achieve new levels of performance and functionality, thereby increasing the capacity of next-generation wireless communication systems to multi-gigabit-per-second levels. In the long run, the ML-augmented design approach will revolutionize the way AESs are designed by facilitating both their rapid synthesis and a platform for automated discovery of new AES materials. By hosting a public, ever-growing database of these materials, we also seek to drive change in their design through embracing an open approach. This fundamental new design paradigm will usher in a new generation of AES materials, discoveries, and designers for years to come.**