Development of Advanced Techniques in Structural Health Monitoring and Enhancement

将开发新技术，以提高基于振动分析的结构健康监测的灵敏度，并利用智能材料实现结构的有效修复和增强，从而提高各种机械工程结构(如地面车辆和飞机的梁、板和框架)的可靠性和耐久性。首先，通过开发和应用新的数据分析方法和具有主动控制过程的新的振动分析技术，提高基于振动分析的损伤检测的灵敏度。这些方法可以更有效地检测疲劳裂纹的发生和扩展，并对损伤程度进行评估。其次，利用高分辨率激光传感器和空间小波分析技术对板架结构的损伤(如节点的裂纹和松动)进行定位。此外，利用上述监测技术对各种损坏的发生、发展和位置的了解，将开发新的结构修复和加固程序，以改善和延长结构的可靠性和使用寿命。新的致动器将与压电堆和/或纤维相耦合，在损伤部位(S)提供激励，以减少应力集中。研究新型压电驱动器的不同安装和控制方法，以实现高效的修复和增强过程，以适应不同的工作和加载条件。 从长远来看，先进的结构健康监测和增强方法的结合可以应用于实际的工程结构，如地面车辆和飞机，以实时有效地检测、评估、定位和修复不同类型的损伤和损伤结构，提高其整体可靠性、耐久性和可持续性。更有效的传感器和执行器耦合不同的智能材料和结构，用于结构的健康监测、修复和增强，将被发明和测试。这项研究有可能使包括地面车辆和飞机制造商和服务提供商在内的制造业及其客户受益，避免对车辆和飞机造成严重损害，降低维护成本，延长产品的使用寿命。

Novel techniques will be developed to increase the sensitivity of structural health monitoring based on the vibration analysis and achieve the effective structural repair and enhancement by using smart materials so as to improve reliability and durability of various mechanical engineering structures (e.g. beams, plates and frames in ground vehicles and aircraft). First, sensitivity of the damage detection based on the vibration analysis will be increased by developing and applying new data analysis methods and novel vibration analysis techniques with active control process. These methods can detect the occurrence and growth of the fatigue crack more efficiently and evaluate the damage extent. Second, damages (e.g. crack and loose of joints) on plate and frame structures will be located by using high resolution laser sensors and spatial wavelet analysis. In addition, with the knowledge of occurrence, growth and location of various types of damage from the aforementioned monitoring techniques, new structural repair and enhancement processes will be developed to improve and extend the structural reliability and serving life. New actuators coupled with piezoelectric stacks and/or fibers will be applied to provide excitation at the site(s) of damage to reduce the stress concentration. Different mounting and control methods of the new piezoelectric actuators will be studied to realize efficient repair and enhancement processes that can fit the variable working and loading conditions. For the long term goal, the combination of advanced structural health monitoring and enhancement methodologies could be applied to practical engineering structures, such as ground vehicles and aircrafts, to detect, evaluate, locate and repair different types of damages and damaged structures efficiently in real-time and to enhance their overall reliability, durability and sustainability. More effective sensors and actuators coupled different smart materials and structures for the structural health monitoring, repair and enhancement will be invented and tested. This research has the potential to benefit manufacturing industries including ground vehicle and aircraft manufacturers and service providers as well as their customers by avoiding serious damages on vehicles and aircraft, reducing the maintenance cost and extending the product serving life.