Transport of Airborne Pollutants from Industry and Traffic Sources and Absorption by Forest Environments

车辆交通和工业场地排放的空气污染物和温室气体与周围的森林和植被相互作用。森林可以修改污染物或将它们储存在树冠内，以便稍后释放。在某些情况下，由于先前储存的颗粒物的释放和树冠内新颗粒物的生长，森林可能看起来是一个污染源。因此，森林对气体和气溶胶污染物运输的净影响需要进一步研究。 建议研究车辆和工业污染物的排放以及这些污染物与森林环境的相互作用。研究将主要集中在气溶胶上，尽管也将调查主要的气相污染物和温室气体，如NOx、SO2、CO和CO2。该研究计划将有两个目标：第一，确定污染物在源头的排放、混合和传输的特征；第二，分析这些污染物在森林树冠内的吸收、混合和演化。 拟议的研究将包括两个实地研究领域。第一个是安大略省中南部地区，包括多伦多、401号和400号高速公路，以及位于混交林中的博登森林研究站(BFRS)。BFRS是一座44米高的塔，由加拿大环境部运营，用于测量许多污染和气候相关变量。第二个实地考察区是阿尔伯塔省阿萨巴斯卡油砂区，位于北方森林中。作为加拿大-艾伯塔省油砂联合监测计划(JOSM)的一部分，2013年在阿萨巴斯卡地区进行了飞机和地面污染物测量。建议在该领域的进一步研究期间，利用这些公开提供的数据，并与加拿大环境部合作，收集正在进行的测量。 这项拟议的研究旨在提供准确的自始至终的交通和工业污染物排放以及森林吸收的概览。这与加拿大特别相关，因为该国森林覆盖率很大，而且这些森林靠近工业和城市地区。这项研究将增进对森林在污染物处理过程中的作用的理解，这将改进区域和全球空气污染模型，并允许制定更有效的政策和污染物监管。

Airborne pollutants and greenhouse gases emitted from vehicle traffic and industrial sites interact with surrounding forest and vegetation. The forest can modify pollutants or store them within the canopy to be released later. In some cases, the forest can appear to be a source of pollution, due to the release of previously stored particles and the growth of new particles within the canopy. Hence the net effect of the forest on the transport of gas and aerosol pollutants requires further study. It is proposed to study the emission of pollutants from vehicles and industry and the interaction of these pollutants with the forest environment. Research will focus primarily on aerosols, although key primary gas-phase pollutants and greenhouse gases such as NOx, SO2, CO, and CO2 will also be investigated. The research program will have a two-fold objective: firstly to characterize the emissions, mixing, and transport of pollutants at the source; and secondly to analyze the absorption, mixing, and evolution of these pollutants within a forest canopy. The proposed research will comprise two field study areas. The first is the south-central Ontario region which includes Toronto, Highways 401 and 400, and the Borden Forest Research Station (BFRS), which is located in a mixed forest. The BFRS is a 44-m high tower operated by Environment Canada which is instrumented to measure many pollution and climate-related variables. The second field study area is the Alberta Athabasca oil-sands region, which is situated in the Boreal forest. Aircraft and ground-based pollutant measurements were made in the Athabasca region in 2013 as part of the Joint Canada-Alberta Oil Sands Monitoring Program (JOSM). It is proposed to use this publicly available data and to collect ongoing measurements in collaboration with Environment Canada during further studies in the area. This proposed research aims to provide an accurate start-to-finish overview of pollutant emission by traffic and industry and absorption by forests. This is especially relevant to Canada given the country's enormous forest cover and the proximity of these forests to industrial and urban areas. This research will lead to increased understanding of the forest's role in the processing of pollutants, which will improve regional and global air pollution models and allow for more effective policy and pollutant regulation.