Data driven REActive Modelling

数据驱动的反应式建模：总结 我们生活在一个计算机图形学扮演着越来越重要的角色的世界里。 无论是与视频游戏交互还是模拟精细的外科手术，都需要真实的世界对象的精确模型。 在近代历史中，看起来逼真的模型满足了电影和游戏行业，但对于手术过程或扑灭森林火灾的模拟，以逼真的方式表现的模型是必要的。 虽然图形处理器单元（GPU）的出现使当前的模型能够在真实的时间中逼真地渲染，但这些机器的架构是围绕几十年前构建的建模范例设计的。 基于微小三角形网格的范例并不是为了通过体积或行为来表示对象而设计的。 在这项研究中，我们寻求新的范式来描述存在于真实的或人工世界中的模型，但可以对周围环境做出反应，在增强或虚拟现实的情况下与真实的对象一起逼真地表现。 这样的范例可能不适合当前GPU技术所支持的流水线。事实上，新的管道架构很可能是这项研究的未来扩展。 计算机图形学中的许多工作只着眼于解决眼前的问题，以制作逼真的游戏或电影。在这项研究中，我们展望了未来几十年的精确模拟，例如人体，以及这种模拟可能涉及的所有物理相互作用，都可以在真实的时间中得到支持。 我们希望找到新的方法来减轻3D模型的表示、设计和动画的任务，特别是在模型必须符合许多物理和美学约束的情况下，以及在动画中，约束可以在真实的时间内改变的情况下。 其结果将是一个被动的模型，其行为考虑到它所处的世界。 近期的目标是扩展隐式建模的概念，其中模型被表示为标量场中的等值面。这样的场可以从几何图元和其他图元生成，这些图元可以从数据或交互式输入或两者的组合导出。 通过设计合适的函数，场及其梯度的组合可以产生复杂的反应模型。 我们最近的工作结合网格和隐式建模，以实现最准确的，真实的时间，自动皮肤变形的动画角色。我们希望扩展这项工作，以及寻找一个更合适的范式，将汇集来自多个学科的知识，包括计算机图形学，视觉，人机交互和人工智能。我们还将目光从理论转向应用领域，例如软组织模拟，这将增强神经外科等领域的培训。

Data Driven Reactive Modelling: Summary We live in a world where computer graphics plays an ever increasing part. Whether it is interacting with a video game or simulating a delicate surgical operation, accurate models of real world objects are required. In recent history, models that appear realistic have satisfied the movie and games industries, but for simulations of surgical procedures or fighting forest fires models that behave in a realistic fashion are necessary. Although the advent of the Graphics Processor Unit (GPU) has enabled current models to be realistically rendered in real time, the architecture of these machines is designed around paradigms for modelling that were built decades ago. Paradigms based on meshes of tiny triangles were not designed to represent objects by their volume nor by their behaviour. In this research we seek new paradigms to describe models that exist in a real or artificial world, but can react to their surroundings, behaving realistically alongside real objects in an enhanced or virtual reality situation. Such a paradigm may not fit within the pipeline that is supported by current GPU technology. Indeed, new pipeline architecture could well be a future extension of this research. Much work in computer graphics looks only at solving immediate problems to produce realistic games or movies. In this research we look ahead to future decades where accurate simulation, for example of the human body, and all the physical interactions such a simulation might involve, can be supported in real time. We wish to find new methods to ease the task of representation, design and animation of 3D models, particularly where the model has to conform to a number of physical and aesthetic constraints, and in animation, where the constraints can change in real time. The result will be a reactive model, whose behaviour takes account of the world in which it exists. The near future goal is to extend the concept of implicit modelling, in which models are represented as an iso-surface in a scalar field. Such a field can be generated from geometric and other primitives, which can be derived from data or interactive input, or a combination of the two. By designing suitable functions the combination of fields and their gradients can yield complex, reactive models. Our most recent work combined mesh and implicit modelling to achieve the most accurate, real time, automatic skin deformations to date in an animated character. We wish to extend this work as well as search for a more suitable paradigm that will bring together knowledge from several disciplines, including computer graphics, vision, HCI and artificial intelligence. We also look beyond the theoretical to application areas such as a soft tissue simulation that will enhance training in fields such as neurosurgery.