Reliability and Resiliency Evaluation of Smart and Environmentally Friendly Power Systems

由于间歇性可再生能源的快速增长和电动汽车的出现，世界各地的电力系统正在经历着系统结构、市场模式和监管措施的重大变化。这些变化在有效规划和运行电力系统的同时保持可接受的服务可靠性方面带来了越来越多的挑战。智能电网技术和储能系统的应用被认为是解决系统可靠性问题和提高环境友好型可再生能源利用的潜在解决方案。未来的电力系统预计将部署更多的自动化和智能技术，但仍然容易受到这些相互关联的智能组件/过程的故障的影响，从而导致大范围的停电。许多社区还担心持续的环境变化和频繁发生的极端天气条件，这些条件可能导致大范围停电，造成巨大的经济和社会损失。人们越来越关注的不仅是未来电力系统在满足环境承诺的同时向电力消费者经济地提供可靠电力供应的能力，还有电力系统承受大范围停电或从大范围停电中恢复的弹性。

Electric power systems throughout the world are undergoing significant changes in system structure, market models and regulatory measures due to rapid increase of intermittent renewable energy and emergence of electric vehicles. These changes cause increasing challenges in efficiently planning and operating power systems while maintaining acceptable service reliability. Application of smart-grid technologies and energy storage systems are perceived as potential solutions to address system reliability issues, and to enhance environment-friendly renewable energy utilization. Future power systems are expected to deploy increased automation and smart technologies, but will still be vulnerable to malfunction of such interlinked smart components/processes leading to widespread outages. Many communities are also concerned about ongoing environmental changes and frequent recurrence of extreme weather conditions that can lead to widespread power outages resulting in huge financial and societal losses. There are growing concerns not only on the ability of future power systems to economically deliver reliable power supply to electricity consumers while meeting environmental commitments, but also on the resilience of power systems to withstand or recover from widespread outages. The proposed program will develop new methodologies to evaluate the reliability and resiliency of active distribution systems integrated with renewable energy sources considering smart-grid initiatives and distributed resources, such as energy storage. The project will investigate established and new metrics to quantify, differentiate and inter-relate the reliability and resilience of urban and rural power distribution systems. A consumer survey will be carried out to develop a technique to assess value-based reliability investment in appropriate distributed resources to support the growth in renewable resources in isolated and grid-connected distribution systems. Suitable adequacy models will be developed for appropriate investment in system infrastructure to assure a reliable and resilient system. Evaluation models will also be developed to quantify system operational reliability and resilience and assess the influence of market mechanism, smart operational initiatives, growth of electric vehicles and deployment of support resources such as energy storage. The proposed program will investigate a range of system studies to recommend appropriate system design, resource allocations, technology deployment, operational strategies and market policies to ensure that future power distribution systems are adequately resilient and reliable to satisfy consumer needs with environmental compliance. The developed methods should also be useful to energy policy makers and to system regulators to develop and implement appropriate reliability and resilience standards and market mechanisms in the changing energy scenario.