Sustainable recycled wood ash-based mortar and concrete from production to large-scale application

从木材生物质产品生产绿色热能，俗称生物能源，不仅在加拿大，而且在世界各地的需求都在增长。然而，燃烧木质生物质产生的一个主要问题是作为副产品产生的大量灰烬，这些灰烬通常最终进入垃圾填埋场。位于不列颠哥伦比亚省阿姆斯特朗的托尔科热电联产设施每天产生约20吨锅炉灰烬作为副产品。如果管理不当，处置如此大量的木灰可能会导致严重的环境和健康问题。因此，找到一种可持续的垃圾处理方案是至关重要的。本研究的目的是寻找生产环境友好和可持续的混凝土的方法，并解决与这种木灰处理相关的问题。本项目将研究利用木灰--包括飞灰和底灰--在机械性能和耐久性能方面部分替代混凝土中的水泥的前景。拟议的研究将对Tolko的木灰、部分木灰在不同替代水平下制成的砂浆和混凝土的力学性能，以及在最佳替代水平下用木灰制成的混凝土的耐久性进行全面的表征。优化的混凝土混合料将在M&K Ready混合料中实施，并应用于与Fawry Home合作的实际项目中，并进行仔细监测，以评估其短期和长期性能。加拿大还没有关于在混凝土生产中使用木灰的标准准则。在全球范围内，已经制定了数量有限的关于这种使用木灰的准则/做法。本项目的研究成果将在加拿大标准协会(CSA A23.1)和美国混凝土协会(ACI)555再生材料混凝土(ACI 555)委员会的技术委员会会议上公布，以获得他们的反馈和认可，将配合比设计纳入CSA和ACI规范。

The production of green thermal energy from timber biomass products, commonly known as Bioenergy, is growing in demand not only in Canada but also worldwide. However, a major problem arising from burning woody biomass is the substantial amount of ash that is being produced as a by-product, which usually ends up in landfills. Tolko co-generation facilities in Armstrong, British Columbia, produces about 20 Tonnes of boiler ash per day as their by-product. If not managed properly, the disposal of such a significant amount of wood ash may result in serious environmental and health problems. Thus, it is crucial to find a sustainable solution to this waste disposal.This research aims to discover ways to produce environment-friendly and sustainable concrete in addition to addressing the problems associated with this wood ash disposal. This project will investigate the prospects of utilizing wood ash - both fly ash and bottom ash, as partial replacements for cement in concrete in terms of both mechanical and durability properties. The proposed study will render a thorough characterization of the wood ash by Tolko, mechanical properties of mortar and concrete made partly of wood ash at different replacement levels, and durability of concrete with wood ash at optimized replacement levels. The optimized concrete mixtures will be implemented in the M & K Ready Mix compound, applied in a real-life project in collaboration with Fawdry Homes, and carefully monitored to assess their short and long-term performance. Canada does not have a standard guideline on the use of wood ash in the production of concrete yet. A limited number of guidelines/practices for such use of wood ash have been developed globally. Research results from this project will be presented during the technical committee meetings of Canadian Standards Association (CSA A23.1) and American Concrete Institute (ACI) 555 Concrete with Recycled Materials (ACI 555) committee to get their feedback and endorsement to incorporate the mix designs in CSA and ACI codes.