Materials and Synchrotron Radiation

我将推进纳米材料的合成，它们在电池，燃料电池，太阳能电池和催化剂等设备中的性能和性能，以及同步加速器技术（基于电子加速器，明亮和能量可调的x射线源）的开发和应用。领域包括(i)纳米材料（尺寸在头发丝的千分之一量级的材料）日益复杂；例如，纳米复合材料的尺寸，形态，相，杂质和结晶度依赖结构，电子和输运性质，即，我研究了如此小尺寸的材料如何与体不同，从而改进了催化剂和能量装置的设计；（ii）用于能源应用的纳米材料（Li/Na离子和所有固态电池、太阳能电池和电催化剂），在加拿大光源（CLS）通过原位/操作（设备运行时实时）x射线吸收测量跟踪其性能；这项技术将促进设备的创新设计；（iii）生物相容性纳米材料在药物输送中的应用；（iv）在弱x射线（2000-5000 eV）和硬x射线能区（> -5000 eV）的高能量分辨率光谱学的发展(v)推动了同步加速器在文化和遗产材料中的应用。将探索金属氧化物（如TiO2和ZnO）、碳基材料（如石墨烯和量子点）、与所有固态电池的电极和固态电解质相关的磷基和硫基材料、双金属材料（如Ni-Pt、Fe-Pt和Co-Pt）和生物材料（如硅酸钙、磷酸盐和羟基磷灰石）的纳米结构。合成技术包括阳极氧化、气液固、水热和原子层/分子层合成。这些材料在器件中的性能将通过CLS的原位/operando x射线吸收、x射线荧光、光发射和成像来跟踪。我将推动同步加速器前沿(1)在CLS建立原位/操作能力，跟踪化学变化，例如在电池充放电过程中；(2)在CLS实施高能分辨率（< 1 eV）招标x射线发射光谱仪，用于P和S x射线发射；高分辨率大大提高了检测设备运行过程中化学变化的灵敏度。共振非弹性x射线散射和高能分辨率荧光探测（HERFD）在P和S的k边缘的x射线吸收将成为可能，并将彻底改变P和S的形态；(3)利用CLS的SM光束线上的x射线激发光学发光和平面摄影技术推进纳米成像技术，允许对单个纳米结构的功能进行研究；(4)利用x射线荧光成像从19世纪严重褪色的具有历史意义的达盖尔银版照相（人类活动的第一张摄影）中检索图像。

I will advance in nanomaterials synthesis, their properties and performance in devices such as batteries, fuel cells, solar cells and catalysis, and the development and application of synchrotron technology (electron accelerator based, bright and energy tunable X-ray source). Areas include (i) Nanomaterials (materials with the size on the order of a thousandth of a hair) of increasing complexity; e.g. nanocomposites with size, morphology, phase, impurity and crystallinity dependent structures, electronic and transport properties, i.e. that I investigate how materials with such a small size behave differently from the bulk, leading to improved design of catalysts and energy devices; (ii) nanomaterials for energy applications (Li/Na ion and all solid state batteries, solar cells and electro-catalysts), tracking their performance with in situ/operando (in real time while the device is in operation) X-ray absorption measurements at the Canadian Light Source (CLS); this technique will facilitate the innovative design of devices; (iii) bio-compatible nanomaterial applications in drug delivery; (iv) development of high energy resolution spectroscopy in the tender X-ray (2000-5000 eV) and hard X-ray energy region (> 5000 eV) (v) pushing the boundaries of synchrotron applications in cultural and heritage materials. Nanostructures of metal oxides (e.g. TiO2, and ZnO), carbon-based materials (e.g. graphene and quantum dots), phosphorus- and sulfur-based materials relevant to electrode and solid-state electrolytes for all solid-state batteries, bimetallics (e.g. Ni-Pt, Fe-Pt and Co-Pt) and bio-materials (e.g. calcium silicates, phosphates and hydroxyapatite) will be explored. Synthetic techniques include anodization, vapor-liquid-solid, hydrothermal and atomic layer/molecular layer synthesis. The performance of these materials in devices will be tracked with in situ/operando X-ray absorption, X-ray fluorescence, photoemission and imaging at the CLS. I will push synchrotron frontier in (1) building situ/operando capabilities at the CLS, tracking chemical changes, e.g. during the charge and discharge of a battery; (2) implementing a high-energy-resolution (< 1 eV) tender X-ray emission spectrometer at the CLS, for P and S X-ray emission; high resolution greatly improves the sensitivity for detecting chemical changes in devices during operations. Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering and high energy resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) X-ray absorption at the P and S K-edge will be possible with this spectrometer and will revolutionize the speciation of P and S; (3) advancing nano-imaging techniques with X-ray excited optical luminescence and ptychography at the SM beamline of the CLS, allowing for the study of the functionality of an individual nanostructure and (4) retrieving images from badly tarnished 19th century daguerreotype (the very first photography of human activities) of historical significance using X-ray fluorescence imaging.