Planning of Sustainable Distribution Networks Utilizing Mobile Energy Storage Systems

去碳化和智能电网举措导致配电网（DN）从传统电网向可持续电网发展，可再生能源（RES）和电动汽车（EV）的渗透率很高。这种创新给指定国家网络的规划和运作带来了挑战。储能系统（ESS）是一种很有前途的技术，可以缓解其中一些挑战。建议的研究包括以下项目：1）增加可再生能源系统和快速充电站（FCS）在DN中的连通性：随着可再生能源系统和电动汽车的渗透水平不断提高，由于与这些组件相关的不确定性，DN的充足性和安全性可能会受到影响。因此，部署ESS对于容纳大容量的RES和FCS至关重要。更具体地说，这些组件具有随时间变化的配置文件，从一个月或季节到另一个不同。因此，与固定ESS相比，移动的ESS（MESS）的应用被认为更有效和经济，以适应RES和FCS的季节性。在这一领域提出的研究旨在开发一个随机规划框架，采用MESS增加的可再生能源系统和燃料电池系统的渗透水平在DN。2)提供对自然灾害的弹性响应：MESS可以对自然灾害造成的停电提供紧急响应（例如，飓风、风暴等），从而增加DN的弹性和可靠性。为此，建议的研究包括两个阶段：预定位和实时分配。这两个阶段确保将MESS放置在最佳位置，以便在正常运行期间为DN提供服务，并在紧急情况下到达并恢复受影响的区域（微电网）。3)优化微电网投资：下一代DN（即，具有RES和EV的高渗透率的DC或混合AC/DC微电网）需要ESS的成本有效的分配以证明这种昂贵技术的使用是合理的。微电网边界定义了以不同类型和功率分布的负载和RES为特征的区域。在相邻区域之间移动MESS是满足其各种需求和优化ESS投资成本的关键。因此，一个新的规划模型的MESS在微电网中是必不可少的，其目的是优化MESS的成本和收入，同时考虑到负荷和RESS的概率模型。上述项目将支持HQP的培训，并提供增强DN可靠性和支持RES和EV集成所需的新工具。在加拿大，该计划的工业受益者包括当地的配电公司（公用事业）。参加这些项目的学生将接受现代DN规划和运营方面的高级培训，成为高素质的个人，准备通过学术界，工业界和政府的职业生涯为加拿大经济做出贡献。

De-carbonization and smart-grid initiatives led to an evolution in distribution networks (DNs) from conventional towards sustainable grids with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and electric vehicles (EVs). Such innovations impose challenges to the planning and operation of DNs. Energy storage systems (ESSs) are one promising technology that can mitigate some of these challenges. The research proposed include the following projects: 1)Increasing the connectivity of RESs and fast-charging stations (FCSs) in DNs: With the growing penetration levels of RESs and EVs, the adequacy and security of DNs could be compromised because of the uncertainty associated with such components. Thus, deploying ESSs is essential for accommodating large capacities of RESs and FCSs. More specifically, these components have time-varying profiles, which differ from one month, or season, to the other. Therefore, the application of mobile ESSs (MESSs) deems more efficient and economical, in comparison to stationary ESSs, to accommodate the seasonality of RESs and FCSs. The research proposed in this area aims at developing a stochastic planning framework that employs MESSs for increasing the penetration levels of RESs and FCSs in DNs. 2) Providing a resilient response to natural disasters: MESSs can provide emergency response to power outages due to natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes, storms, etc.), thus increasing the resiliency and reliability of DNs. For this purpose, the proposed research includes two stages: pre-positioning and real-time allocation. These two stages ensure placing MESSs at the optimal locations to serve DNs during normal operation, and to reach and restore affected zones (microgrids) during contingencies. 3)Optimizing investments in microgrids: Next-generation DNs (i.e., dc or hybrid ac/dc microgrids with high penetration of RESs and EVs) necessitate the cost-effective allocation of ESSs to justify the use of such a costly technology. Microgrids boundaries define zones that are characterized by different types and power profiles of loads and RESs. Moving MESSs between neighboring zones is the key to meet their various needs and optimize investment costs of ESSs. Therefore, a new planning model for MESSs in microgrids is essential, which aims at optimizing costs and revenues of MESSs, while taking into consideration the probabilistic models of loads and RESs. The above projects will support the training of HQP and provide the new tools that are crucially needed to enhance DN reliability and support the integration of RESs and EVs. In Canada, the industrial beneficiaries of this program include local distribution companies (utilities). Students who participate in the projects will receive advanced training in the planning and operation of modern DNs, becoming highly qualified individuals ready to contribute to the Canadian economy through careers in academia, industry, and government.