Upscaling organic and hybrid optoelectronics: synthesis, processing, and advanced characterization

光电子器件与光相互作用，包括LED和太阳能电池；我的研究计划专注于使用可溶液处理材料制造的光电子器件。其中包括有机分子和聚合物，但也包括卤化铅钙钛矿。因为它们可以配制成基于溶液的油墨，所以它们可以很容易地涂布或印刷；这使得设备制造更简单、更具可扩展性，从而降低了成本和能源投入。我的长期愿景是推动有机和混合光电子技术从原型转向商业产品。这项提议将通过三个短期目标弥合这一差距并解决与扩大规模相关的问题：(I)开发用于共轭聚合物合成的吲哚反应；(Ii)开发控制缝模涂层沉积的有机太阳能电池(OSCs)薄膜形貌的方法；以及(Iii)开发用于钙钛矿型太阳能电池(PSCs)缝模涂层的耐湿和货架稳定的油墨。(I)通过吲哚反应合成共轭聚合物。有机电子升级的一个主要障碍是材料的合成复杂性。我们将发展吲哚反应作为合成共轭聚合物的一条途径。这将消除对过渡金属催化剂或有毒的三烷基锡试剂的任何需求，并显著缩短合成时间，从而产生更可扩展、更具成本效益的材料。(Ii)缝隙芯片涂层OSCs中的薄膜形态。旋涂是制备OSC的事实上的方法，但在工业上几乎没有相关性。我们将开发连续槽模涂层作为一种生产高效OSCs的方法，并将溶剂蒸气退火应用于可扩展的在线工艺，以微调薄膜的形态。将开发原位和操作UV/Vis和x射线散射法，以评估和监测薄膜形态的变化。(Iii)耐湿钙钛矿型油墨。PSCs的创纪录效率是在集成了手套盒的旋涂机的帮助下实现的，但环境控制往往更难通过更具可扩展性的涂层方法实现。我们试图了解环境因素如何影响缝模涂层PSCs的性能，并开发具有长保质期的耐湿钙钛矿型油墨。OSCS和PSCS承诺颠覆太阳能行业，将效率与快速、可扩展的制造流程、具有成本效益的材料和更短的能源回收时间相结合。大规模部署廉价、高效的太阳能组件将加强加拿大减少对化石燃料的依赖和应对气候变化的努力，同时在制造和安装太阳能组件方面为加拿大创造新的就业机会。但是，只有当OSCs和PSCs能够从实验室原型过渡到具有竞争力的商业产品时，这些好处才能实现。这项提议将弥合这一差距，并将有助于确保这些环境和社会经济利益成为现实。

Optoelectronic devices interact with light and include LEDs and solar cells; my research program is focused on optoelectronic devices made using solution-processable materials. These include organic molecules and polymers, but also lead halide perovskites. Because they can be formulated into solution-based inks, they can be easily coated or printed; this makes device manufacture simpler and more scalable, reducing costs and energy inputs. My long-term vision is to advance organic and hybrid optoelectronic technologies from prototypes to commercial products. This proposal will bridge this gap and address issues related to upscaling through three short-term objectives: (i) develop the indophenine reaction for conjugated polymer synthesis; (ii) develop methods to control the film morphology of organic solar cells (OSCs) deposited by slot-die coating; and (iii) develop humidity-tolerant and shelf-stable inks for the slot-die coating of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). (i) Conjugated polymers via the indophenine reaction. A major barrier to the upscaling of organic electronics is the synthetic complexity of the materials. We will develop the indophenine reaction as a route to conjugated polymers. This would eliminate any need for transition metal catalysts or toxic trialkyltin reagents and significantly shorten syntheses, resulting in more scalable, cost-effective materials. (ii) Film morphology in slot-die coated OSCs. Spin coating is the de facto method of OSC fabrication but has little relevance industrially. We will develop sequential slot-die coating as a way of producing efficient OSCs and to adapt solvent vapor annealing into a scalable, online process to fine-tune the film morphology. In situ and operando UV/vis and x-ray scattering methodologies will be developed to assess and monitor changes in film morphology. (iii) Humidity-tolerant perovskite inks. The record efficiencies of PSCs have been achieved with the help of glovebox-integrated spin coaters, but environmental controls are often more difficult to achieve with more scalable coating methods. We seek to understand how environmental factors impact the performance of slot-die coated PSCs and to develop humidity-tolerant perovskite inks with long shelf lives. OSCs and PSCs promise to disrupt the solar industry, combining efficiency with rapid, scalable manufacturing processes, cost-effective materials, and shorter energy payback times. The wide-scale deployment of cheap, efficient solar modules would bolster efforts to reduce Canada's reliance on fossil fuels and fight climate change, while simultaneously generating new Canadian jobs in their manufacture and installation. But these benefits will only be realized if OSCs and PSCs can make the transition from laboratory prototypes to competitive commercial products. This proposal will bridge this gap and will help ensure that these environmental and socio-economic benefits become a reality.