Field spectroradiometer suite for in-situ characterization of plants, soils and peats, and calibration of optical sensors and satellite observations

卫星遥感提供了对地球表面发生的动态变化的独特观测，是研究大尺度地区并获得通过模拟或实地观测无法获得的发现的最有力工具之一。随着卫星技术的成熟，卫星遥感的最新进展提供了过去十年发射的窄带卫星传感器，并将在未来几年内发射几个。与传统的卫星成像相比，窄带卫星传感器是一种更先进的技术，能够获得目标特征的详细光谱响应。是的，窄带卫星传感器在环境和全球变化研究中的潜力还有待充分探索。为了正确校准和验证新的卫星传感器及其产品，人们需要可比较的地面光谱测量，这些测量只能由FIELD SPECTRORADIOMETER SUITE收集。FIELD SPECTRORADIOMETER SUITE在原位和非原位窄带和间隔测量400nm至2500nm之间的光谱反射率。所要求的FIELD SPECTRODIAMETER套件的主要目的是：(1)收集和建立哈德逊湾泥炭地的泥炭光谱数据库；(2)与麦克马斯特大学光子学实验室合作，促进设计和开发用于光合有效辐射（PAR）测量的内部光学原位传感器、无人机平台和泥炭土壤碳含量的快速评估；(3)提出关于热浪和水分胁迫对野外观测站和温室环境下植物CO2吸收的影响的假设，以便向窄带卫星传感器足迹升级。所要求的设备将是麦克马斯特大学遥感能力的急需扩展，并将促进地面真实数据收集，内部光学传感器开发，将导致商业产品，以及光学数据收集和近距离遥感技术的现场高素质人员培训。

Satellite remote sensing provides a unique observation on the dynamic changes occurring on Earth surface and is one of the most powerful tools to study large scale areas and make findings which cannot be done by modeling or field observations. With the maturation of satellite technology, recent advances in satellite remote sensing provide narrow band satellite sensors that were launched in the last decade and several to be launched in the coming few years. In comparison with traditional satellite imaging, a narrow band satellite sensor is a more advanced technique that is capable of acquiring a detailed spectral response of target features. Yes, the potential of narrow band satellite sensors are yet to be fully explored for environmental and global change studies. To properly calibrate and validate new satellite sensors and their products, one needs comparable ground spectral measurements that can only be collected by a FIELD SPECTRORADIOMETER SUITE. The FIELD SPECTRORADIOMETER SUITE measures spectral reflectance between 400nm and 2500nm in narrow band and interval in situ and ex situ. The primary purposes of the requested FIELD SPECTRODIAMETER SUITE are: (1) to collect and build peat spectral database for Hudson Bay peatlands, (2) to facilitate the design and development of in-house optical in situ sensors for photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) measurement, drone-based platform and for rapid assessment of carbon content in peat soils in collaboration with McMaster's photonics lab, and (3) to develop hypothesis regarding the impact of heatwave and moisture stress on plant CO2 uptake in field stations and greenhouse settings in order to upscale to narrow band satellite sensor footprints. The requested equipment will be a much-needed expansion to McMaster University's capability in remote sensing, and will facilitate ground-truth data collection, in-house optical sensor development that will lead to commercial products, and on-site Highly Qualified Personnel training on optical data collection and close-range remote sensing techniques.