L2M NSERC - Next-gen EV Battery Safety Framework using a Digital Twin-based Smart Battery Management System (BMS)

电动汽车电池频繁发生火灾和灾难性故障引起的安全问题主要是对电动汽车广泛采用的威胁。这主要是因为所有现有的实际电池管理系统（BMS）基于在电池组的几个不同点处测量的温度而不是电池芯温度来控制电池热管理系统。然而，实验研究表明，与电池组某些点的测量温度相比，电池单元的核心温度相差50-60°F。在电动汽车的情况下，由于在快速加速和减速期间非常高的放电和再生充电电流，这种差异甚至更令人担忧。由于系统成本和制造挑战，在每个单元的核心处安装物理传感器是不切实际的。现在，估计热状态需要大量的电流以及历史电池操作数据，因为热参数受到电池老化、驾驶模式和其他外部参数的影响。通过处理当前和历史数据进行进一步的实时热状态估计也是不可行的，这是由于机载BMS的低处理能力和低数据存储容量。

Safety concerns arising from the frequent incidents of fire and catastrophic failure of electric vehicle (EVs) batteries are primarily bottlenecking the wide adoption of EVs. This is primarily because all existing practical battery management system (BMS) controls the battery thermal management system based on the measured temperatures at a few different points of the battery pack instead of cell core temperature. However, experimental studies revealed that the core temperate of the battery cell differs 50-60°F compared to the measured temperature at certain points of the battery pack. The difference is even more alarming in the case of EVs due to very high discharging and regenerative charging current during rapid acceleration and deceleration. Installing a physical sensor at the core of each cell is impractical due to system cost and manufacturing challenges. Now estimating thermal states needs a large volume of current as well as historical battery operational data as thermal parameters are subject to charge with battery aging, driving pattern, and other external parameters. Further real-time thermal state estimation by processing the current and historical data is also not feasible due to low processing power and the low data storage capacity of the onboard BMS.