A systemic approach to designing Common Data Environments in construction

根据加拿大统计局的数据，建筑和房地产合计占加拿大国内生产总值的20%。建筑业在国民经济中占有重要地位。然而，它仍然是一个表现不佳的行业，生产率非常低。在这种情况下，行业内的合作已被确定为未来研究和开发项目最重要的优先事项之一。事实上，利益相关者之间的合作质量对于建筑行业项目的生产力和成功至关重要。在过去的十年中，大量的研究工作致力于改善建筑行业的合作，特别是通过使用信息技术。最近兴起的建筑信息模型（BIM）方法充满了希望。在这种方法中，公共数据环境（cde）被视为具有围绕建筑三维模型集成项目信息的潜力。将BIM模型与cde相关联的主要目的是利用IT特性，通过在整个项目生命周期中更好地集成、管理和协调项目信息来改善协作。不幸的是，虽然公共数据环境似乎是建筑项目中集成和更好的信息共享的未来解决方案，但它们在行业中仍然相对不被采用。此外，关于如何将cde与协作实践结合起来的文献很少。在建筑行业中，协作实践的描述尤其具有挑战性。尽管过去作出了努力，但最近的一些研究表明，实际实施的过程与最初计划的过于线性的过程仍然大不相同。此外，最近的出版物表明，目前的科学障碍可能源于对建筑行业系统性质的误解。不幸的是，使用系统的方法

According to Statistics Canada data, construction and real estate together account for 20% of Canada's total Gross Domestic Product. The construction industry thus occupies an important place in the national economy. Yet it remains a poor performing industry with very low productivity rates. In this context, collaboration in the industry has been identified as one of the most important priorities for future research and development projects. Indeed, the quality of collaboration between the stakeholders is crucial for the productivity and the success of projects in the construction industry. During the last decade, significant research efforts have been dedicated to improving collaboration in the construction industry, notably through the use of information technology. The recent rise of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach is full of promises. In this approach, Common Data Environments (CDEs) are seen as having the potential to integrate the project information around three-dimensional models of the building. The main aim of associating BIM models with CDEs is to take advantage of IT features to improve collaboration by better integrating, managing and coordinating the project information throughout the entire project lifecycle. Unfortunately, while common data environments seem to be the future solution for integration and better information sharing within construction projects, they are still relatively not adopted in the industry. In addition, there has been little literature on how to align CDEs with the collaboration practices. The description of collaborative practices is particularly challenging in the construction industry. Despite the efforts made in the past, some recent studies show that the processes actually implemented remain very different from the too linear processes initially planned. Moreover, recent publications suggest that current scientific barriers may stem from a misunderstanding of the systemic nature of the construction industry. Unfortunately, using a systemic approach in