Sustainable mobility in Canadian cities: Towards an integrated measurement and understanding of the performance of land use and transport systems and their impacts on travel behavior

随着人们日益认识到需要高效、可持续和公平的运输网络，运输领域正在发生重大变化。在这一快速变化的格局中，运输工程师应开发和采用新的方法来衡量运输网络的性能，同时考虑到实施这些方法的土地使用系统以及用户不断变化的生活方式和喜好。我提出的研究计划旨在更好地了解、衡量和模拟土地使用和交通系统的性能及其对出行行为和满意度的影响，以便为加拿大可持续城市交通网络的发展做出贡献。为此，我打算(I)建立一个强大的跨学科研究小组，为加拿大的交通工程师和规划者提供改进的工具和方法，以支持综合土地利用和交通规划，以及(Ii)培训高素质的工程师，使其具备改变城市机动性所需的技能和工具。我将阐述三个相互关联的研究目标，重点是加拿大的城市。首先，我将开发一个集成的R-ArcGIS工具，以计算和可视化在加拿大六个大中型大都市地区通过可持续模式(步行、骑自行车和公共交通)实现的当地和区域可访问性(到达目的地的便利性)。在建议的工具中，我将开发一种新的方法来模拟骑自行车的可达性。该工具还将用于将出行行为建模为可访问性的函数，从而实现基于可访问性的建模。其次，我将提出一种方法，以确定蒙特利尔汽车司机使用可持续模式的障碍。通过设计和传播一次大规模的调查，我将进行整合空间和个人因素的市场细分。最后，我将制定一种方法，使用大数据(智能卡和满意度调查)和亲自调查来评估活跃和公共交通网络的变化对蒙特利尔出行行为和满意度的影响。拟议的研究计划将为HQP的培训做出重大贡献，除了通过研究实习为5名学士学生提供资金外，还将为两名全职博士和三名硕士学生提供足够的资金。此外，研究议程将为加拿大城市提供新的方法和工具，以更好地规划对积极和公共交通的投资，同时解决从业者、交通当局和城市目前正在处理的几个关键问题，以在加拿大城市设计高效、可持续和公平的交通网络。正如我过去所做的那样，我们的工作将通过会议和演讲向研究人员以及地方、国家和国际行为者传播。

The realm of transport is undergoing significant changes with the growing awareness regarding the need for efficient, sustainable, and equitable transport networks. In this rapidly evolving landscape, transport engineers are expected to develop and adopt new approaches to measure the performance of transport networks, while accounting for the land use systems in which they are implemented as well as the changing lifestyles and preferences of users. My proposed research program seeks to better understand, measure, and model the performance of land use and transport systems and their impacts on travel behavior and satisfaction, in order to contribute to the development of sustainable urban transport networks in Canada. To do so, I intend to (i) build a strong interdisciplinary research group that will provide transport engineers and planners in Canada with improved tools and methods to support integrated land use and transport planning, and (ii) train highly qualified engineers with the skills and tools required to transform urban mobility. I will address three interrelated research objectives, with a focus on Canadian cities. First, I will develop an integrated R-ArcGIS tool to calculate and visualize local and regional accessibility (the ease of reaching destinations) via sustainable modes (walking, cycling and public transport) in six large- and medium-size Canadian metropolitan regions. Within the proposed tool, I will develop a new methodology to model accessibility by bicycle. The tool will also be used to model travel behavior as a function of accessibility, thereby enabling accessibility-based modelling. Second, I will propose a methodology to identify the barriers to the use of sustainable modes among car drivers in Montreal. Through the design and dissemination of a large-scale survey, I will conduct a market segmentation that integrates both spatial and personal factors. Last, I will develop a methodology to assess the impacts of changes in active and public transport networks on travel behavior and satisfaction in Montreal, using big data (smart card and satisfaction surveys) and in-person surveys. The proposed research program will significantly contribute to the training of HQP by providing adequate funding to two PhD and three master students that will work full-time on this program, in addition to funding five bachelor students through research internships. Furthermore, the research agenda will provide Canadian cities with new methods and tools to better plan investments in active and public transport, while addressing several key questions that practitioners, transport authorities and cities are currently dealing with to design efficient, sustainable and equitable transport networks in Canadian cities. As I have done in the past, our work will be disseminated to researchers and to local, national and international actors through conferences and presentations.