野生大豆/栽培大豆胚胎发生的比较研究及其重要经济性状的分子调控机制探讨

目前我国大豆产业面临严重挑战，充分利用我国特有种质资源，育出高蛋白大豆，占领国内外高端市场是大豆育种的一个发展方向。大豆籽粒大小也是育种中广泛关注的关键性问题。野生大豆比栽培大豆籽粒小、蛋白含量高，既是宝贵的种质资源也是探讨籽粒大小、蛋白含量等重要经济性状调控分子机制的独特材料。胚胎是大豆种子的主要结构，也是蛋白的主要贮藏场所。本项目拟通过系统的野生大豆与栽培大豆胚胎发生过程的比较研究及基因表达谱分析，寻找决定胚胎大小和蛋白含量的关键发育环节以及调控这些环节的主要调控途径。利用体内、体外胚胎发生两种试验系统各自的优势验证这些发育环节和调控途径的可靠性，以期为大豆定向育种提供理论依据与技术途径。

The Chinese soybean industry is facing a serious challenge. Dominated the high-end market with high protein soybean produced by our peculiar germplasm resources is a direction to recuse our soybean industry. The seed size is also a key question in soybean breeding. Wild soybean has small seeds and high protein content compared with cultivated soybean. They are not only the important germplasm resources, but also is the special material to study the regulation mechanism of some economic characters, for instance, the seed size and the protein content. Embryo is the important structure of soybean seeds and protein storage site. This project will compare the embryogenesis process and transcription profiles between wild and cultivated soybean to get the critical development step and the regulation pathway which decide the embryo size and the protein content. We will take the unique advance of both in vitro and in vivo experiment systems to process our project and validate the reliability of and the regulation pathways of the development step，and finally supply the theory and the technology approach for soybean breeding.