菊头蝠属蝙蝠姐妹种的物种分化研究

物种形成是生物进化的重要标志，是解析生物多样性形成与维持机制的关键，亲缘关系最近的姐妹种恰是揭示物种形成机制的重要模型。本项目拟在大地理尺度范围内，选择中国菊头蝠属仅有的3对姐妹种蝙蝠为研究对象，运用行为生态和遗传进化的理论及方法，结合栖息地生态环境、气候特征和地质事件等，通过对菊头蝠姐妹种形态和声学表型以及遗传分化的系统研究，阐明姐妹种的系统进化谱系、遗传结构、进化历史、形态和声学地理变化模式，揭示姐妹种遗传分化和表型变异的主要进化驱动力，明确漂变和选择作用的相对重要性，通过姐妹种间的比较分析，从形态、声学和遗传水平揭示姐妹种物种形成和分化机制。本项目将在物种形成理论研究方面取得创新性成果，对深入理解物种多样性的形成和维持机制具有重要意义。

Speciation is one of the most important events for the biological evolutionary process, and it is also important for the investigation of the formation and maintenance of biological diversification. Sister species, as closely related species, are important models to study evolutionary events that promote speciation. In this proposal, in the context of the large geographic scale of China, we select three pairs of sister species of Rhinolophus bats to study the species differentiation patterns and evolutionary forces, using the theories and methods of ecology and genetic evolution fields. We will investigate the ecological and climatic characteristics of different habitats. Based on the comparative analyses of morphological, acoustic and genetic differentiationof bat sister species pairs, our aims are to study the phylogenetic lineages, the population genetic structure, the evolutionary history, and the morphological and acoustic differentiation patterns, in order to determine the major evolutionary drivers for genetic and phenotype differentiation, and to evaluate the relative importance of drift and selection in the differentiation of the sister species. Combined with the differentiation patterns of bat sister species pairs, the mechanism of promoting speciation and differentiation among sister species would be clarified at ecological, morphological, acoustic and genetic levels. This study would produce novel results in the theoretical research of speciation and would have significance for understanding the formation and maintenance of biological diversification.