生物电化学强化含氯代硝基苯类有机废水厌氧生物处理的机理研究

化学氧化还原与生物处理工艺集成是有毒难降解有机废水高效处理、持久性有机污染物控制与修复的关键技术。项目基于厌氧微生物的还原脱氯特性与生物电化学催化性能，创新构建生物电极与厌氧生物反应器耦合工艺，以含氯代硝基苯类工业有机废水为对象，研究电极与厌氧污泥协同还原脱氯转化氯代硝基苯类污染物特性、耦合工艺运行性能、电极生物膜形成与厌氧污泥颗粒化，及其微生物菌群结构演替规律。从生物阴极电子供体作用、强化厌氧污泥颗粒化与污染物还原脱氯转化、功能菌群微生物分子生态等角度，阐明生物电极与厌氧污泥耦合强化氯代硝基苯类有机废水厌氧生物处理的机理。这不仅具有重要的学术理论价值，而且可为有毒难降解有机废水高效处理、污染环境生物修复提供创新的集成技术原理。

The integrating process of chemical redox and biodegradation is a key technology for efficient treatment of toxic refractory organic wastewater and remediation of persistent organic pollutants. In this project, chlorinated nitrobenzens containning wastewater are chosen as object, and a novel process of anaerobic sludge reactor coupled with bioelectrode is established in view of the characteristics of anaerobic microbial reductive dechlorination and biological electrochemical catalytic reduction. The coordinated reductive dechlorination of chlorinated nitrobenzens with bioelectrode and anaerobic sludge, and process performances of anaerobic sludge reactor coupled with bioelectrode would be studied. At the same time, the characteristic ,microbial population succession of electrode biofilm formation and anaerobic sludge granulation would also be investigated. On these basis, the mechanism of enhanced performances of novel process of anaerobic sludge reactor coupled with bioelectrode for treatment of chlorinated nitrobenzens containning wastewater would be demonstrated according to the biocathode as electron donor, enhanced anaerobic sludge granulation and reductive dechlorination transformation , and microbial molecular ecology. The research not only has important academic value, but also provides the innovative integrating technological principle for toxic refractory organic wastewater treatment and contaminated environmental bioremediation.