原初黑洞的研究

项目主要对原初黑洞的形成机制以及原初黑洞的丰度和质量谱展开研究。自从2016年初LIGO宣布发现双黑洞并合产生的引力波至今，LIGO已经发现了10例双黑洞并合事件。研究这些黑洞和双黑洞的起源成为一个重要的研究课题。这些引力波事件可能来自原初黑洞的并合。本项目拟从理论上全面考虑各种可能产生原初黑洞的暴涨模型（包括正则单场慢滚暴涨模型，非正则单场暴涨模型，以及多场暴涨模型等），构造能自然产生原初黑洞的模型，并从理论上分析和计算这些理论模型所产生的原初黑洞的丰度和质量谱。鉴于未来几年随着包括LIGO在内的地面引力波探测器的不断升级和更长时间的运行，更多的双黑洞并合引力波源将会被探测到。申请人拟联合引力波观测数据和其他一些相关的宇宙学和天文观测数据定量给出原初黑洞丰度和质量谱的观测限制。

We will focus on the formation mechanism of primordial black hole (PBH), and the properties of PBHs including the abundance and the mass function. From the detection the first gravitational-wave event from the mergers of binary black holes by LIGO to now, LIGO has detected 10 gravitational-wave events. It becomes important to explore how these black holes and black-hole binaries were formed. We will consider various inflation models for forming PBH, such as canonical single-field slow-roll inflation model, non-canonical single-field inflation model and multi-field inflation model, and try to naturally construct some reasonable inflation model. And we will also calculate the abundance and mass function of PBH in these models. Furthermore, with upgrading LIGO and other detectors, more gravitational-wave events are expected to be detected in the near future. We also plan to combine the gravitational-wave data and other relevant cosmological and astrophysical data to constrain the abundance and the mass function of PBHs.