能量负平衡对产后卵巢静止奶牛卵泡生长动力学的影响及其作用机制

当前，乏情是乳业高产奶牛产后低繁殖力的重要问题。许多文献和我们前期研究证实能量负平衡所致的卵巢静止是高产奶牛产后乏情的主要疾病。然而，能量负平衡对奶牛产后卵泡生长发育的影响机制至今仍不十分明确。本项目应用生化学、血液临床病理学和影像学及兽医产科学的技术检测能量负平衡对奶牛泌乳早期体内代谢、内分泌和卵泡生长动力学的影响，并运用蛋白质组学和代谢组学及免疫学的技术获得和验证产后卵巢静止和发情奶牛血清和卵泡液中差异代谢物和蛋白，进而确立能量平衡与奶牛产后主要能量代谢调节因子、细胞因子、生殖激素、差异代谢物和蛋白的关系以及相互作用。应用实时定量RT-PCR和Western Blotting或ELISA技术检测肝、脂肪和肌肉以及卵泡等组织内主要细胞因子或调控因子的基因表达及其水平的变化，揭示能量负平衡所致的奶牛产后卵巢静止的分子机制，为今后奶牛产后卵巢静止的营养调控技术提供新的策略。

Currently, anestrus is an important problem of subfertility postpartum in high-producing dairy cows in dairy industry. Literatures and our previous studies have suggested that inactive ovary (IO) is a main disease of anestrus postpartum in high-producing dairy cows, which is caused by negative energy balance (NEB) postpartum. However, as so far it has been still unclear that effect of NEB on development and growth of follicles postpartum in dairy cows. In this project, effect of NEB during early lactation on metabolism, endocrine and dynamics of follicle growth in dairy cows is investigated using technologies of biochemistry, blood clincial pathology,iconography and obstetrics, and the differential metabolites and proteins in serum and follicle fluid from dairy cows with IO and estrus are identified and validated by tools of proteomics, metabonomics and immunology, and then it will determine relationship and theirs interaction between energy balance and main energy metabolic factors, cytokines, reproductive hormones, differential metabolites and proteins postpartum dairy cows with IO. Level and gene expression of main cytokines or regulating factors in liver, fat, muscle and follicle are measured using real time QRT-PCR, Western blotting and ELISA. It will reveal molecular mechanism of IO postpartum due to NEB and provide new strategies for nutritional regulation of IO postpartum in dairy cows in future.