麻竹无外源DNA基因组编辑技术体系的建立及利用基因编辑技术创制抗竹花叶病毒麻竹新种质的研究

竹子是我国重要的森林资源之一，然而竹子相关的基础研究和种质创新工作远远滞后。其中最重要的瓶颈是缺乏有效地基因操作平台。如何研发相关的生物技术，并利用基因工程的方法进行竹类分子育种一直是人们关注的问题。申请人领导的课题组近期建立了麻竹的遗传转化体系及基于CRISPR/Cas9介导的的麻竹内源基因编辑系统。在此基础上，本项目拟进一步拓展基因编辑技术在麻竹分子育种中的应用，研发适用于麻竹的transgene-free基因编辑体系，实现在无外源DNA插入的情况下对麻竹内源基因的编辑，更好的服务于麻竹分子育种；同时研发适用于麻竹细胞的RNA编辑系统，并针对长期以来严重威胁竹种植业的竹子花叶病毒问题，通过CRISPR/Cas13a介导的基因编辑技术创制抗病毒的麻竹新种质。本项目围绕困扰竹子基础研究和分子育种的重大技术瓶颈问题，研究成果将对竹子分子生物学的发展及种质创新产生重要的推动作用。

Bamboo is one of the most important forest resources due to its great economical, ecological and social benefits. However, compared with other important woody plants or crops, bamboo related basic research and molecular breeding was largely lagged behind. One key bottleneck that restricts bamboo research is due to the lack of genetic manipulation tools. For long time, people paid special attentions on the development of related biotechnology tool and the improvement of bamboo agronomic traits through genetic engineering deserves. Recently, my research group successfully established Ma bamboo transgenic and CRISPR/Cas9 based genome editing platforms. Based on those studies, here we plan to extend the application of genome editing technology on Ma bamboo breeding, firstly we try to establish a transgenic-free system to mutate Ma bamboo gene without foreign DNA insertion; secondly, we plan to develop a CRISPR/Cas13a based RNA editing technology to manipulate RNA in Ma bamboo, and generate Ma bamboo with the anti-BaMV (Bamboo Mosaic Virus) properties using this technology. The proposal mainly focuses on the key technologies that limit bamboo molecular research and breeding. Our study will provide powerful tools for bamboo genetic manipulation, and contribute to the bamboo molecular biology and genetic engineering.