基于肠道微生物组评估有机酸型食品防腐剂的安全性

食品添加剂可通过改变肠道微生物组影响宿主健康，因此基于肠道微生物的影响变化及机体健康效应评估食品添加剂的安全性，已成为对食品添加剂科学管理、合理应用的迫切需要。而食品工业上广泛应用的强抑菌性有机酸型防腐剂（OAPs）对机体健康的影响目前仅有零星报道，且作用机制不明。因此，本项目拟通过大范围、多梯度的小鼠试验，系统研究3种典型OAPs（苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾、脱氢乙酸钠）对生长参数、糖脂代谢、氧化应激、炎症响应、肠道微生物组成和恢复弹力等动态影响规律，明确响应OAPs影响作用的差异性健康指标、关键信号通路和标志性微生物及其内在关联性；并通过无菌化小鼠模型和粪菌移植技术阐明肠道微生物在OAPs健康效应中的介导作用，揭示OAPs的健康影响作用机制，进而建立基于肠道微生物组的OAPs安全性评价体系，弥补食品防腐剂常规安全性评价方法的缺失，对食品添加剂的科学合理应用及保障食品安全具有重要的现实意义。

Several food additives substantially influenced the health status of host by modifying gut microbiome. Thus researches focus on the safety of food additives based on gut microbiota change and their effects on health are urgently needed, which will promote scientific management and reasonable application of food additives. Organic acid food preservatives (OAPs) with strong antibacterial activity were the most extensively used in food and industry, but the effects of OAPs on health were lack of systemic research and the regulation mechanism remain unknown. Based on this hypothesis, in this project, mice will be feed by wide range and multi gradient of OAPs, including sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and sodium dehydroacetate, to explore the dose-effect and time-effect relationship of OAPs on the growth, glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, organ morphology and the composition and resilience of gut microbiota, thus to determine the correlation between health and gut microbiota. And through the antibiotic-induced germ-free mice and fecal microbiota transplantation experiment, the causal relationship of gut microbiota and the regulation mechanism of OAPs on the health effect will be identified and the safety assessment system of OAPs based on gut microbiota will be established, which can make up for the lack of routine evaluation procedures and methods for OAPs. This project will provide reference for scientific and proper application of food additives and is of great practical necessity for promoting food safety.