The influence of stress on attentional bias to threat: An angry face and a noisy crowd.
The influence of stress on attentional bias to threat: An angry face and a noisy crowd.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13423-018-1538-2
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发表时间：
2019-06
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Thomas LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rued HA;Hilmert CJ;Strahm AM;Thomas LE
在压力下，威胁性刺激引起的注意力捕捉可能是特别适应的。个体在识别人群中的威胁性面孔时比非威胁性面孔更有效（例如，Ohman等人，2001年）。然而，在压力条件下，当对威胁的注意力可能是最关键的时候，认知过程通常会被破坏。本研究探讨了压力条件下威胁性刺激的注意优势。在视觉搜索任务中，我们将参与者暴露在高或低的压力条件下，在干扰物中显示威胁性和非威胁性的面部目标。参与者的准确性，反应时间和自我报告的压力进行了测量。压力带来了速度和准确性的权衡：高压力条件下的参与者比低压力条件下的参与者更快，但准确性更低。虽然两组参与者在检测威胁性刺激方面都表现出相对的性能优势，但在高压力条件下，这种优势明显更大。这表明，负责注意力重新定向的腹侧神经网络活动的既定压力介导的增加可能增强了检测威胁刺激的能力或缓冲了压力对这一过程的破坏性影响。我们的研究结果强调了压力干扰对注意力过程的潜在适应性，并将愤怒优势效应和压力下的自动注意力过程的研究结合起来。
During stress, attentional capture by threatening stimuli may be particularly adaptive. Individuals are more efficient at identifying threatening faces in a crowd than non-threatening faces (e.g., Ohman et al., 2001). However, under conditions of stress, when attention to threat may be most critical, cognitive processes are generally disrupted. The present study explored the attentional advantage of threatening stimuli under stressful conditions. We exposed participants to either high or low stress conditions during a visual search task displaying threatening and non-threatening facial targets among distractors. Participants’ accuracy, reaction times, and self-reported stress were measured. Stress introduced a speed-accuracy trade-off: participants in the high-stress condition were faster, but less accurate, than participants in the low-stress condition. Although both groups of participants showed relative performance advantages in detecting threatening compared to non-threatening stimuli, this advantage was markedly larger for participants in the high-stress condition. This suggests that the established stress-mediated increase in the activity of the ventral neural network responsible for the re-orienting of attention may have enhanced the ability to detect threatening stimuli or buffered the disruptive effects of stress on this process. Our findings highlight the potentially adaptive nature of stress disruption on attentional processes, and align research on the anger superiority effect and automated attentional processes under stress.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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