Meta-Analysis of Immune Induced Gene Expression Changes in Diverse Drosophila melanogaster Innate Immune Responses.
Meta-Analysis of Immune Induced Gene Expression Changes in Diverse Drosophila melanogaster Innate Immune Responses.
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DOI：
10.3390/insects13050490
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发表时间：
2022-05-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Mortimer, Nathan T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waring, Ashley L.;Hill, Joshua;Allen, Brooke M.;Bretz, Nicholas M.;Le, Nguyen;Kr, Pooja;Fuss, Dakota;Mortimer, Nathan T.
生物体可被多种病原体感染，包括细菌、病毒和寄生虫。感染后，宿主启动免疫反应，试图消除病原体。这些反应通常是病原体类型所特有的，并由特定基因的表达来调节。我们研究了寄主果蝇在多种病原体感染后的表达变化，并鉴定了在每种感染中表现出表达变化的少量基因。这包括已知与病原体抗性有关的基因，以及以前没有作为免疫反应基因进行研究的其他基因。这些发现为了解伴随果蝇免疫的转录变化提供了新的见解。它们可能提示差异表达基因在对不同类别病原体的先天免疫反应中可能的作用，并为进一步的实证研究确定候选基因。生物体通常被一系列不同的病原体感染，并对这些不同的免疫挑战中的每一种做出不同的功能反应。宿主免疫反应的特征是诱导基因表达，然而，对不同病原体的反应在多大程度上共享表达变化在很大程度上是未知的。为了验证这一点，我们对感染多种病原体后从黑腹果蝇收集的基因表达数据进行了荟萃分析。我们确定了62个由感染显著诱导的基因。虽然这些感染诱导的基因中有许多编码已知的免疫反应因子，但我们也鉴定了21个以前未与宿主免疫相关的基因。对感染诱导基因的上游侧翼序列的检查导致了两个保守的增强子位点的鉴定。这些位点对应于GATA和核因子κB(NFκB)家族转录因子的保守结合位点，并与较高水平的转录诱导相关。我们进一步确定了31个在新陈代谢和生物发育中具有预期功能的基因，这些基因在不同病原体感染后显著下调。我们的研究确定了果蝇在感染各种病原体后保守基因表达的变化，以及可能调节这种免疫诱导的转录因子家族。
Organisms can be infected by a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Following infection, the host mounts an immune response to attempt to eliminate the pathogen. These responses are often specific to the type of pathogen and mediated by the expression of specialized genes. We have characterized the expression changes induced in host Drosophila fruit flies following infection by multiple types of pathogens, and identified a small number of genes that show expression changes in each infection. This includes genes that are known to be involved in pathogen resistance, and others that have not been previously studied as immune response genes. These findings provide new insight into transcriptional changes that accompany Drosophila immunity. They may suggest possible roles for the differentially expressed genes in innate immune responses to diverse classes of pathogens, and serve to identify candidate genes for further empirical study of these processes. Organisms are commonly infected by a diverse array of pathogens and mount functionally distinct responses to each of these varied immune challenges. Host immune responses are characterized by the induction of gene expression, however, the extent to which expression changes are shared among responses to distinct pathogens is largely unknown. To examine this, we performed meta-analysis of gene expression data collected from Drosophila melanogaster following infection with a wide array of pathogens. We identified 62 genes that are significantly induced by infection. While many of these infection-induced genes encode known immune response factors, we also identified 21 genes that have not been previously associated with host immunity. Examination of the upstream flanking sequences of the infection-induced genes lead to the identification of two conserved enhancer sites. These sites correspond to conserved binding sites for GATA and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) family transcription factors and are associated with higher levels of transcript induction. We further identified 31 genes with predicted functions in metabolism and organismal development that are significantly downregulated following infection by diverse pathogens. Our study identifies conserved gene expression changes in Drosophila melanogaster following infection with varied pathogens, and transcription factor families that may regulate this immune induction.
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DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/btq026
发表时间：
2010-03-15
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Piipari M;Down TA;Saini H;Enright A;Hubbard TJ
通讯作者：
Hubbard TJ
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Bajgar A;Kucerova K;Jonatova L;Tomcala A;Schneedorferova I;Okrouhlik J;Dolezal T
通讯作者：
Dolezal T
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Ayres, Janelle S.;Freitag, Nancy;Schneider, David S.
通讯作者：
Schneider, David S.
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Boutros, M;Agaisse, H;Perrimon, N
通讯作者：
Perrimon, N
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Brun, S;Vidal, S;Lemaitre, B
通讯作者：
Lemaitre, B