Endotoxin Translocation and Gut Inflammation Are Increased in Broiler Chickens Receiving an Oral Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bolus during Heat Stress.
Endotoxin Translocation and Gut Inflammation Are Increased in Broiler Chickens Receiving an Oral Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bolus during Heat Stress.
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DOI：
10.3390/toxins12100622
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发表时间：
2020-09-29
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Grenier B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reisinger N;Emsenhuber C;Doupovec B;Mayer E;Schatzmayr G;Nagl V;Grenier B
脂多糖（LPS），也称为内毒素，是革兰氏阴性菌外膜的主要成分。一般来说，肠道内的内毒素在健康动物中被认为是无害的。然而，不同的应激源，如热应激，可导致肠道屏障受损，导致内毒素移位。与其他物种（例如人、猪或小牛）相比，鸡被认为对LPS的作用不太敏感，这可能是因为缺乏功能特异性TRAM-TRIF信号传导途径（MyD 88-非依赖性）。因此，在鼠巨噬细胞中比较了六种LPS制剂（三种不同的菌株，每种菌株具有两种不同的制备方法），并根据其MyD 88依赖性途径活化进行了表征。所有测试的LPS制剂在4和24小时后在鼠巨噬细胞系上诱导强烈的炎症反应。然而，在基因表达谱以及来自不同菌株和制备方法的LPS的亚硝酸盐氧化物和TNF-α的产生中存在类似的强烈响应。根据体外研究的结果，选择一种LPS制剂用于随后的肉鸡体内研究，以评估口服LPS推注的效果（E. coli O 55：B5苯酚提取物; 2 mg/kg b.w.）在热强制降解条件下（10 h，36 °C）。在热应激条件下，在接受口服LPS推注的肉鸡中观察到最显著的效果。肠内毒素活性和血清中3-OH C14（LPS的一部分）浓度增加。此外，与炎症和应激反应相关的基因表达增加（例如，IL-6，IL-1 β，HSP 70），而与肠道健康相关的基因（例如，MUC 2、FABP 2）降低。总之，肠道LPS的增加与热应激相结合，可对动物健康构成风险。
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also termed endotoxins, are the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. In general, endotoxins in the intestine are considered harmless in healthy animals. However, different stressors, such as heat stress, can lead to a compromised gut barrier, resulting in endotoxin translocation. Chickens are considered to be less sensitive to the effects of LPS compared with other species, for example, humans, pigs, or calves, probably because of the lack of the functional-specific TRAM-TRIF signalling pathway (MyD88-independent). Therefore, six LPS preparations (three different strains with two different preparation methods each) were compared in murine macrophages and characterized according to their MyD88-dependent pathway activation. All tested LPS preparations induced a strong inflammatory response after 4 and 24 h on a murine macrophage cell line. However, there was a similar strong response in the gene expression profile as well as production of nitrite oxide and TNF-alpha from LPS of different strains and preparation methods. On the basis of the results of the in vitro study, one LPS preparation was chosen for the subsequent in vivo study with broilers to assess the effect of an oral LPS bolus (E. coli O55:B5 phenol extracted; 2 mg/kg b.w.) during heat stress conditions (10 h, 36 °C). The most pronounced effects were seen in broilers receiving the oral LPS bolus during heat stress conditions. The endotoxin activity in the intestine as well as the serum concentration of the 3-OH C14 (part of LPS) were increased. In addition, an increased expression of genes related to inflammation and stress response (e.g., IL-6, IL-1beta, HSP70) was observed, whereas the expression of genes associated with gut health (e.g., MUC2, FABP2) was decreased. To conclude, an increase of intestinal LPS combined with heat stress can pose a risk to animal health.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.110.4.547
发表时间：
1959-10-01
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
FINE J;RUTENBURG S;SCHWEINBURG FB
通讯作者：
SCHWEINBURG FB
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
de Barros, Jean-Paul Pais;Gautier, Thomas;Lagrost, Laurent
通讯作者：
Lagrost, Laurent
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00393.2005
发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Garriga, C;Hunter, RR;Moretó, M
通讯作者：
Moretó, M
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Deeb, N;Cahaner, A
通讯作者：
Cahaner, A
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Hu, Guo;Wang, Shouzhi;Li, Hui
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Li, Hui