eIF5 and eIF5B together stimulate 48S initiation complex formation during ribosomal scanning.

eIF5 and eIF5B together stimulate 48S initiation complex formation during ribosomal scanning.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gku877
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发表时间:
2014-10-29
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Pisarev AV
Pisarev AV
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pisareva VP;Pisarev AV

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48S起始复合物(48S IC)的形成是真核生物翻译过程的第一阶段。根据经典机制,40S核糖体亚基与信使RNA(mRNA)的5′端结合,并扫描其5′非翻译区(5′ - UTR)直至起始密码子,在此处形成48S IC。整个过程由起始因子介导。在此我们表明,eIF5和eIF5B共同刺激48S IC的形成,影响核糖体扫描过程中的起始密码子选择。在非最佳起始密码子上的起始——在结构化的5′ - UTR之后、不良的AUG环境中、距离mRNA 5′端几个核苷酸内以及CUG起始密码子处——受到的影响最大。eIF5诱导的与eIF2结合的GTP水解对于这种刺激是必不可少的。GTP水解增加了扫描核糖体复合物识别并停滞在非最佳起始密码子处的概率。由于eIF2 * GDP从起始tRNA上解离,这样的48S IC不太稳定,然后需要eIF5B来稳定40S亚基P位点的起始tRNA。eIF5和eIF5B导致43S起始前复合物重排,从而有利于在核糖体扫描过程中更有效地识别起始密码子的另一种模型同样是可能的。对eIF1A和eIF5B的突变分析揭示了eIF5B在48S IC形成和亚基结合中的不同功能。
48S initiation complex (48S IC) formation is the first stage in the eukaryotic translation process. According to the canonical mechanism, 40S ribosomal subunit binds to the 5′-end of messenger RNA (mRNA) and scans its 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) to the initiation codon where it forms the 48S IC. Entire process is mediated by initiation factors. Here we show that eIF5 and eIF5B together stimulate 48S IC formation influencing initiation codon selection during ribosomal scanning. Initiation on non-optimal start codons—following structured 5′-UTRs, in bad AUG context, within few nucleotides from 5′-end of mRNA and CUG start codon—is the most affected. eIF5-induced hydrolysis of eIF2-bound GTP is essential for stimulation. GTP hydrolysis increases the probability that scanning ribosomal complexes will recognize and arrest scanning at a non-optimal initiation codon. Such 48S ICs are less stable owing to dissociation of eIF2*GDP from initiator tRNA, and eIF5B is then required to stabilize the initiator tRNA in the P site of 40S subunit. Alternative model that eIF5 and eIF5B cause 43S pre-initiation complex rearrangement favoring more efficient initiation codon recognition during ribosomal scanning is equally possible. Mutational analysis of eIF1A and eIF5B revealed distinct functions of eIF5B in 48S IC formation and subunit joining.
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