Stream restoration milestones: monitoring scales determine successes and failures
Stream restoration milestones: monitoring scales determine successes and failures
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流恢复里程碑：监控规模决定成败
DOI：
10.1007/s11252-023-01370-8
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Roy, Allison H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaushal, Sujay S.;Fork, Megan L.;Hawley, Robert J.;Hopkins, Kristina G.;Ríos-Touma, Blanca;Roy, Allison H.
城市河流恢复在全球范围内不断增长，但从恢复实践的成功，失败和评估权衡中可以学到很多东西。在恢复城市生态系统的结构和功能以及了解和减缓退化的驱动因素方面投入了大量时间和资源。然而，城市化的快速发展及其对城市沃茨水域的影响，在确定和优先考虑恢复和监测结果的有效策略时，给环境管理者和恢复从业者带来了越来越大的挑战。在这里，我们综合了第五届城市化与河流生态学研讨会（SUSE5）的主要研究结果和论文，并提出了一个新的概念，监测恢复的经验教训的基础上。SUSE 5的研究表明，城市干扰和恢复活动具有很强的局部影响，在更广泛的流域尺度和纵向流动路径上进行检测和分离可能具有挑战性。大多数城市河流恢复项目仅在一个或几个位置进行监测，这些位置无法捕捉河流河段和较长流径的显著变化。基于SUSE5的知识，我们提出了一个新的概念，称为“恢复里程碑”。恢复里程碑的概念提出，在空间和时间上的流监测的规模可以影响流恢复项目是否被认为是成功或失败。因此，关于恢复的有效性和持久性的问题的答案可能会受到空间和时间监测尺度的影响。设置现实的恢复里程碑涉及建立监测战略，占空间和时间的变化。沿着纵向流径跟踪整个河段的恢复绩效有助于更准确地评估项目绩效。我们探索应用程序评估恢复里程碑沿着纵向流包括：（1）确定目标领域的改善沿着排水网络，（2）准确占权衡栖息地，基础设施的保护，和水质沿着流径，和（3）检测多远下游流恢复和雨水管理的影响可以传播。在不同的空间和时间尺度上进行监测是一个被忽视的，但决定恢复成功的关键因素。此外，修复项目本身的规模可以决定改善的类型和幅度。对恢复项目在改善水质方面所能实现的期望应根据项目的空间规模和随时间的演变进行校准。河流恢复的纵向研究有助于确定沿着流路的成功和失败。
Urban stream restoration is growing globally, but there is much to learn from successes, failures, and evaluating tradeoffs in restoration practices. Significant time and resources have been invested towards restoring the structure and function of urban ecosystems and understanding and slowing the drivers of degradation. However, the rapid pace of urbanization and its effects on urban waters present an ever-growing challenge to environmental managers and restoration practitioners when identifying and prioritizing effective strategies for restoration and monitoring outcomes. Here, we synthesize major findings and papers originating from the 5th Symposium on Urbanization and Stream Ecology (SUSE5) and propose a new concept for monitoring restoration based on lessons learned. Efforts from SUSE5 showed that urban disturbances and restoration activities have strong localized impacts that can be challenging to detect and disentangle across broader watershed scales and longitudinal flowpaths. Most urban stream restoration projects are monitored at only one or a few locations that do not capture significant variability across stream reaches and longer flowpaths. Based on knowledge from SUSE5, we present a new concept called ‘restoration milestones.’ The restoration milestones concept proposes that the scale of stream monitoring over space and time can influence whether a stream restoration project is considered a success or failure. Therefore, answers to questions regarding restoration effectiveness and durability can be affected by spatial and temporal monitoring scales. Setting realistic restoration milestones involves establishing monitoring strategies that account for spatial and temporal variability. Tracking restoration performance through time across stream reaches along longitudinal flowpaths could aid in more accurately assessing project performance. We explore applications for evaluating restoration milestones along longitudinal stream flowpaths including: (1) identifying target areas of improvement along drainage networks, (2) accurately accounting for tradeoffs in habitat, protection of infrastructure, and water quality along flowpaths, and (3) detecting how far downstream the effects of stream restoration and stormwater management can be propagated. Monitoring across different spatial and temporal scales is an overlooked but critical factor in determining restoration success. Additionally, the scale of the restoration project itself can determine the type and magnitude of improvements. Expectations for what a restoration project can accomplish in terms of water quality improvements should be calibrated to the project’s spatial scale and evolution over time. Longitudinal studies of stream restoration help identify successes and failures along flowpaths.
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