Neglected tropical diseases in sub-saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden.
Neglected tropical diseases in sub-saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000412
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发表时间：
2009-08-25
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kamath A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hotez PJ;Kamath A
被忽视的热带病是影响生活在撒哈拉以南非洲最贫穷的5亿人的最常见疾病，它们共同造成的疾病负担可能相当于撒哈拉以南非洲疟疾疾病负担的一半，是结核病负担的两倍多。大约85%的NTD疾病负担来自蠕虫感染。钩虫感染发生在撒哈拉以南非洲几乎一半的最贫困人口中，包括4000万至5000万学龄儿童和700万孕妇，钩虫是贫血的主要原因。血吸虫病是仅次于钩虫（1.92亿例）的第二大流行NTD，占世界病例数的93%，可能与艾滋病毒/艾滋病水平传播的增加有关。淋巴丝虫病（4 600万至5 100万例）和盘尾丝虫病（3 700万例）在撒南非洲也很普遍，每种疾病都是造成残疾和降低该区域农业生产力的重要原因。关于非洲的非蠕虫性NTD的信息非常缺乏。原生动物感染、非洲人类锥虫病和内脏利什曼病影响了近100，000人，主要是在撒哈拉以南非洲的冲突地区，这些地区的死亡率很高，而沙眼是最普遍的细菌性新台币（3000万例）。然而，关于一些非常重要的原生动物感染的数据很少或没有，例如，阿米巴病和弓形虫病;细菌感染，例如，伤寒和非伤寒沙门氏菌病、蜱传细菌性人畜共患病和非结核分枝杆菌感染;以及虫媒病毒感染。因此，非洲NTD的总体负担可能被严重低估。全面评估是疾病控制优先事项的重要一步，特别是在可能发生NTD最多的尼日利亚和刚果民主共和国。
The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are the most common conditions affecting the poorest 500 million people living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and together produce a burden of disease that may be equivalent to up to one-half of SSA's malaria disease burden and more than double that caused by tuberculosis. Approximately 85% of the NTD disease burden results from helminth infections. Hookworm infection occurs in almost half of SSA's poorest people, including 40–50 million school-aged children and 7 million pregnant women in whom it is a leading cause of anemia. Schistosomiasis is the second most prevalent NTD after hookworm (192 million cases), accounting for 93% of the world's number of cases and possibly associated with increased horizontal transmission of HIV/AIDS. Lymphatic filariasis (46–51 million cases) and onchocerciasis (37 million cases) are also widespread in SSA, each disease representing a significant cause of disability and reduction in the region's agricultural productivity. There is a dearth of information on Africa's non-helminth NTDs. The protozoan infections, human African trypanosomiasis and visceral leishmaniasis, affect almost 100,000 people, primarily in areas of conflict in SSA where they cause high mortality, and where trachoma is the most prevalent bacterial NTD (30 million cases). However, there are little or no data on some very important protozoan infections, e.g., amebiasis and toxoplasmosis; bacterial infections, e.g., typhoid fever and non-typhoidal salmonellosis, the tick-borne bacterial zoonoses, and non-tuberculosis mycobaterial infections; and arboviral infections. Thus, the overall burden of Africa's NTDs may be severely underestimated. A full assessment is an important step for disease control priorities, particularly in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo, where the greatest number of NTDs may occur.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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