Matrix strains induced by cells: Computing how far cells can feel.
Matrix strains induced by cells: Computing how far cells can feel.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12195-009-0052-z
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Discher, Dennis E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sen, Shamik;Engler, Adam J.;Discher, Dennis E.
许多组织细胞施加收缩力量，将它们机械地耦合到弹性基质上，影响细胞黏附、细胞骨架组织，甚至细胞分化。然而，基质深处的应变通常是不清楚的，可能不仅与某些基质(如所谓的基底膜)相对于细胞尺寸较薄这一事实有关，而且还与定义细胞能感觉到多远有关。在这里，我们简要介绍了细胞在薄层配基涂层凝胶上扩散的实验结果，以及干细胞中预应力与凝胶硬度的关系。然后，我们介绍了一种有限元计算方法，将单元放置在弹性矩阵上，同时改变矩阵的弹性和厚度，以便计算和比较矩阵内的弹性静力变形。只有当软基是细胞高度和宽度的一小部分时，细胞和基质之间的平均界面应变才显示出较大的偏差，这与实验证明是一致的。对干细胞来源的神经元、成肌细胞和成骨细胞进行建模的三维(3D)细胞形态显示，圆柱形成肌细胞诱导的应变最高，这与肌肉的显著收缩特性一致。一组这样的细胞在基质菌株中显示出微弱的串扰，但这些细胞必须比细胞宽度近得多。因此，细胞在长度尺度上感觉更接近粘连，而不是在细胞尺度上或更高。
Many tissue cells exert contractile forces that mechanically couples them to elastic matrices and that influence cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, and even cell differentiation. However, strains within the depths of matrices are often unclear and are likely relevant not only to the fact that some matrices such as so-called basement membranes are thin relative to cell dimensions but also to defining how far cells can ‘feel’. Here we briefly present experimental results for cell spreading on thin, ligand-coated gels and for prestress in stem cells in relation to gel stiffness. We then introduce a finite element computation in which a cell is placed on an elastic matrix, while matrix elasticity and thickness are varied in order to compute and compare elastostatic deformations within the matrix. Average interfacial strains between cell and matrix show large deviations only when soft matrices are a fraction of the height and width of a cell, proving consistent with experiments. Three-dimensional (3D) cell morphologies that model stem cell-derived neurons, myoblasts, and osteoblasts show that a cylinder-shaped myoblast induces the highest strains, consistent with the prominent contractility of muscle. Groups of such cells show a weak crosstalk in matrix strains, but the cells must be much closer than a cell-width. Cells thus feel on length scales closer to that of adhesions than on cellular scales or higher.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
Griffin, MA;Sen, S;Discher, DE
通讯作者：
Discher, DE
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Cukierman, E;Pankov, R;Yamada, KM
通讯作者：
Yamada, KM
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Engler, A;Bacakova, L;Discher, D
通讯作者：
Discher, D
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Engler, AJ;Richert, L;Discher, DE
通讯作者：
Discher, DE
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.200405004
发表时间：
2004-09-13
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Engler AJ;Griffin MA;Sen S;Bönnemann CG;Sweeney HL;Discher DE
通讯作者：
Discher DE