Omega-3 fatty acids and dementia.
Omega-3 fatty acids and dementia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plefa.2009.05.015
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发表时间：
2009-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Frautschy SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cole GM;Ma QL;Frautschy SA
十多项流行病学研究报告称，omega-3脂肪酸或鱼类消费水平或摄入量的降低与年龄相关的认知能力下降或痴呆症（如阿尔茨海默病（AD））的风险增加有关。在多项流行病学研究中，增加膳食消费或二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的血液水平似乎对AD和其他痴呆症具有保护作用;然而，三项研究表明ApoE 4基因型限制了保护作用。DHA通过多种机制广泛地具有神经保护作用，包括神经保护性DHA代谢物、减少的花生四烯酸代谢物和增加的营养因子或下游营养信号转导。DHA还可以预防痴呆症的几种风险因素，包括头部创伤，糖尿病和心血管疾病。DHA通过其他机制对AD具有特异性保护作用：它限制了淀粉样β肽毒素的产生和积累，该毒素被广泛认为是导致该疾病的原因;它还抑制了Aβ诱导的几种信号转导途径，包括磷酸化微管相关蛋白tau和促进神经缠结病理的两种主要激酶。根据流行病学和基础研究数据，专家小组建议需要进行omega-3脂肪酸（特别是DHA）的临床试验，以预防或治疗与年龄相关的认知能力下降，重点是最常见的原因，AD。目前正在进行预防和治疗AD的临床试验。迄今为止的结果表明，如果及早开始或与抗氧化剂一起使用，DHA可能会更有效。
More than a dozen epidemiological studies have reported that reduced levels or intake of omega-3 fatty acids or fish consumption is associated with increased risk for age-related cognitive decline or dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increased dietary consumption or blood levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) appear protective for AD and other dementia in multiple epidemiological studies; however, three studies suggest that the ApoE4 genotype limits protection. DHA is broadly neuroprotective via multiple mechanisms that include neuroprotective DHA metabolites, reduced arachidonic acid metabolites, and increased trophic factors or downstream trophic signal transduction. DHA is also protective against several risk factors for dementia including head trauma, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. DHA is specifically protective against AD via additional mechanisms: It limits the production and accumulation of the amyloid β peptide toxin that is widely believed to drive the disease; and it also suppresses several signal transduction pathways induced by Aβ, including two major kinases that phosphorylate the microtubule associated protein tau and promote neurofibrillary tangle pathology. Based on the epidemiological and basic research data, expert panels have recommended the need for clinical trials with omega-3 fatty acids, notably DHA, for the prevention or treatment of age-related cognitive decline—with a focus on the most prevalent cause, AD. Clinical trials are underway to prevent and treat AD. Results to-date suggest that DHA may be more effective if it is begun early or used in conjunction with antioxidants.
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1332.005
发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
PROTECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cole, GM;Morihara, T;Frautschy, SA
通讯作者：
Frautschy, SA
DOI：
10.1016/j.plefa.2007.10.016
发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Brenna, J. Thomas;Diau, Guan-Yeu
通讯作者：
Diau, Guan-Yeu
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Barberger-Gateau, P.;Raffaitin, C.;Alperovitch, A.
通讯作者：
Alperovitch, A.
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Florent, S;Malaplate-Armand, C;Oster, T
通讯作者：
Oster, T
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Calon, F;Lim, GP;Cole, GM
通讯作者：
Cole, GM