Meditation reduces pain-related neural activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, insula, secondary somatosensory cortex, and thalamus.
Meditation reduces pain-related neural activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, insula, secondary somatosensory cortex, and thalamus.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01489
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kakigi R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakata H;Sakamoto K;Kakigi R
最近的研究表明冥想可以抑制或减轻疼痛感。为了阐明这种现象的潜在机制，已经使用了神经影像学方法（例如功能性磁共振成像）和神经生理学方法（例如脑磁图和脑电图）。然而，由于存在一些自相矛盾的证据，解释这些结果一直很困难。例如，一些研究报告称，冥想期间前扣带皮层（ACC）和岛叶对疼痛刺激的神经反应增加，而其他研究则显示这些区域的神经反应减少。迄今为止，发现的结果不一致。此外，一般来说，由于 ACC 和岛叶的活动与疼痛感知相关，冥想期间神经活动的增加可能与疼痛感知的增强而不是减少有关。这些矛盾可能直接促成了“冥想的奥秘”。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了之前对冥想过程中大脑区域的发现，以及长期冥想训练中大脑发生的解剖变化。然后我们讨论了先前研究冥想期间与疼痛相关的神经活动的研究结果。我们还描述了冥想期间缓解疼痛的大脑机制，以及之前研究中出现矛盾证据的可能原因。通过彻底回顾之前的研究结果，我们假设冥想可以减少 ACC、岛叶、次级体感皮层和丘脑中与疼痛相关的神经活动。我们认为，这种活动的调节特征可能取决于冥想的类型和/或冥想经验的年数，这与之前调查冥想期间疼痛相关神经活动的研究中的矛盾发现有关。
Recent studies have shown that meditation inhibits or relieves pain perception. To clarify the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon, neuroimaging methods, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, and neurophysiological methods, such as magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography, have been used. However, it has been difficult to interpret the results, because there is some paradoxical evidence. For example, some studies reported increased neural responses to pain stimulation during meditation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula, whereas others showed a decrease in these regions. There have been inconsistent findings to date. Moreover, in general, since the activities of the ACC and insula are correlated with pain perception, the increase in neural activities during meditation would be related to the enhancement of pain perception rather than its reduction. These contradictions might directly contribute to the ‘mystery of meditation.’ In this review, we presented previous findings for brain regions during meditation and the anatomical changes that occurred in the brain with long-term meditation training. We then discussed the findings of previous studies that examined pain-related neural activity during meditation. We also described the brain mechanisms responsible for pain relief during meditation, and possible reasons for paradoxical evidence among previous studies. By thoroughly overviewing previous findings, we hypothesized that meditation reduces pain-related neural activity in the ACC, insula, secondary somatosensory cortex, and thalamus. We suggest that the characteristics of the modulation of this activity may depend on the kind of meditation and/or number of years of experience of meditation, which were associated with paradoxical findings among previous studies that investigated pain-related neural activities during meditation.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504136102
发表时间：
2005-07-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fox, MD;Snyder, AZ;Raichle, ME
通讯作者：
Raichle, ME
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Han, Ying;Yang, Hong;Dong, Qi
通讯作者：
Dong, Qi
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Coghill, RC;Sang, CN;Iadarola, MJ
通讯作者：
Iadarola, MJ
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Brown, Christopher A.;Jones, Anthony K. P.
通讯作者：
Jones, Anthony K. P.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Aydin, K.;Ucar, A.;Ozturk, C.
通讯作者：
Ozturk, C.