Perception of group membership from spontaneous and volitional laughter.
Perception of group membership from spontaneous and volitional laughter.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2020.0404
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发表时间：
2022-01-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sauter DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamiloğlu RG;Tanaka A;Scott SK;Sauter DA
笑是一种无处不在的社交信号。最近的研究强调了自发笑和有意识笑之间的区别，它们在产生机制和感知特征方面都有所不同。在这里，我们测试听众从自愿和自发的笑声中推断群体身份的能力，以及跨文化的这些笑声的积极性。荷兰人 (n = 273) 和日本人 (n = 131) 的参与者聆听脱离语境的笑声片段，并判断 (i) 笑的人是来自他们的文化内群体还是外群体； （ii）他们认为笑声是自发的还是有意识的。他们还对每个笑声片段的积极性进行了评价。使用频率论和贝叶斯分析，我们表明听众能够从自发的笑声和有意识的笑声中推断出群体成员身份，并且两种类型的笑声的表现是等效的。在两种文化中，自发的笑声被认为比自愿的笑声更积极，荷兰听众认为群体内的笑声比群体外的笑声更积极，但日本听众则不然。我们的结果表明，听众可以利用自发的和有意识的笑来推断笑者的文化群体身份。本文是“声音调制：从起源、机制到社会影响（下）”主题的一部分。
Laughter is a ubiquitous social signal. Recent work has highlighted distinctions between spontaneous and volitional laughter, which differ in terms of both production mechanisms and perceptual features. Here, we test listeners' ability to infer group identity from volitional and spontaneous laughter, as well as the perceived positivity of these laughs across cultures. Dutch (n = 273) and Japanese (n = 131) participants listened to decontextualized laughter clips and judged (i) whether the laughing person was from their cultural in-group or an out-group; and (ii) whether they thought the laughter was produced spontaneously or volitionally. They also rated the positivity of each laughter clip. Using frequentist and Bayesian analyses, we show that listeners were able to infer group membership from both spontaneous and volitional laughter, and that performance was equivalent for both types of laughter. Spontaneous laughter was rated as more positive than volitional laughter across the two cultures, and in-group laughs were perceived as more positive than out-group laughs by Dutch but not Japanese listeners. Our results demonstrate that both spontaneous and volitional laughter can be used by listeners to infer laughers’ cultural group identity. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Voice modulation: from origin and mechanism to social impact (Part II)’.
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