Sugar feeding protects against arboviral infection by enhancing gut immunity in the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti.
Sugar feeding protects against arboviral infection by enhancing gut immunity in the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1009870
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发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Pondeville E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almire F;Terhzaz S;Terry S;McFarlane M;Gestuveo RJ;Szemiel AM;Varjak M;McDonald A;Kohl A;Pondeville E
由于雌性蚊子需要血餐来繁殖，它们可以充当许多病原体的载体，例如虫媒病毒（例如寨卡病毒、登革热病毒和基孔肯雅病毒），这些病原体构成了全球范围内的重大公共卫生负担。除了血餐，蚊子雌性也可以采取糖餐，以获得碳水化合物为他们的能量储备。现在人们认识到，饮食是通过与免疫系统相互作用来调节健康和疾病结果的关键因素。然而，这主要是在人类和模式生物中研究的。到目前为止，糖喂养对蚊子免疫力的影响，以及这如何影响虫媒病毒的能力还没有被探索。在这里，我们表明，糖喂养增加和维持抗病毒免疫的主要虫媒病毒载体埃及伊蚊的消化道。我们的数据表明，肠道微生物群不介导糖诱导的免疫，但部分抑制it.Importantly，糖摄入之前，虫媒病毒感染的血餐进一步保护女性免受感染虫媒病毒从不同的家庭。喂糖可以阻断虫媒病毒的初始感染和肠道传播，降低感染率和强度，从而降低雌蚊的传播潜力。最后，我们表明糖的抗病毒作用是由糖诱导的免疫介导的。总的来说，我们的研究结果揭示了糖喂养在蚊子抗病毒免疫中的关键作用，这反过来又降低了虫媒病毒的载体能力。自从Ae.埃及人在某些自然环境中几乎完全以血为食，我们的研究结果表明，这种糖摄入量的缺乏可能会增加蚊子传播的虫媒病毒疾病的传播。蚊子是虫媒病毒（如寨卡病毒或登革热病毒）的载体，因为雌性蚊子需要吸血才能繁殖。除了吸血之外，它们还可以以糖源为食，以获取碳水化合物来补充能量储备。在这里，我们证明，在主要的虫媒病毒载体埃及伊蚊，糖喂养之前的虫媒病毒感染的血餐增强免疫力的肠道，这反过来又保护女性免受病毒感染。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，糖喂养是蚊子媒介虫媒病毒能力的关键决定因素，即蚊子感染和传播虫媒病毒的能力。作为Ae。在某些自然环境中，埃及雌性蚊子不以糖为食，我们的研究结果强调，这可能是这种蚊子对虫媒病毒高度敏感和传播的部分原因。
As mosquito females require a blood meal to reproduce, they can act as vectors of numerous pathogens, such as arboviruses (e.g. Zika, dengue and chikungunya viruses), which constitute a substantial worldwide public health burden. In addition to blood meals, mosquito females can also take sugar meals to get carbohydrates for their energy reserves. It is now recognised that diet is a key regulator of health and disease outcome through interactions with the immune system. However, this has been mostly studied in humans and model organisms. So far, the impact of sugar feeding on mosquito immunity and in turn, how this could affect vector competence for arboviruses has not been explored. Here, we show that sugar feeding increases and maintains antiviral immunity in the digestive tract of the main arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti. Our data demonstrate that the gut microbiota does not mediate the sugar-induced immunity but partly inhibits it. Importantly, sugar intake prior to an arbovirus-infected blood meal further protects females against infection with arboviruses from different families. Sugar feeding blocks arbovirus initial infection and dissemination from the gut and lowers infection prevalence and intensity, thereby decreasing the transmission potential of female mosquitoes. Finally, we show that the antiviral role of sugar is mediated by sugar-induced immunity. Overall, our findings uncover a crucial role of sugar feeding in mosquito antiviral immunity which in turn decreases vector competence for arboviruses. Since Ae. aegypti almost exclusively feed on blood in some natural settings, our findings suggest that this lack of sugar intake could increase the spread of mosquito-borne arboviral diseases. Mosquitoes are vectors of arboviruses, such as Zika or dengue viruses, because females require a blood meal to reproduce. In addition to blood feeding, they can also feed on sugar sources to get carbohydrates for their energy reserves. Here, we demonstrate that, in the main arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti, sugar feeding prior to an arbovirus-infected blood meal enhances immunity in the gut which in turn protects females against viral infection. Overall, our findings reveal that sugar feeding is a crucial determinant of mosquito vector competence for arboviruses, i.e. mosquito’s ability to get infected and transmit arboviruses. As Ae. aegypti females do not feed on sugar in some natural settings, our findings highlight that this could be in part responsible for the high susceptibility and transmission of arboviruses by this mosquito species.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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期刊：
Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1412984112
发表时间：
2015-01-13
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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