Molecular basis of RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase (RNMT) activation by RAM.

Molecular basis of RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase (RNMT) activation by RAM.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkw637
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发表时间:
2016-12-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Cowling VH
Cowling VH
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Varshney D;Petit AP;Bueren-Calabuig JA;Jansen C;Fletcher DA;Peggie M;Weidlich S;Scullion P;Pisliakov AV;Cowling VH

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真核生物中mRNA的成熟和翻译需要添加7-甲基鸟苷帽。在脊椎动物中,帽甲基转移酶,RNA鸟嘌呤-7甲基转移酶(RNMT),具有激活亚基,RNMT激活小蛋白(RAM)。在这里,我们报告的第一个晶体结构的人RNMT在复杂的激活结构域的RAM。一个相对非结构化和带负电荷的RAM结合到RNMT上的带正电荷的表面凹槽,远离活性位点。这导致RNMT叶结构的稳定化,RNMT叶结构与RAM共同进化并且是RAM结合所需的。结构导向诱变和分子动力学模拟表明,RAM稳定RNMT叶和相邻α-螺旋铰链的结构和定位,导致螺旋A的最佳定位,其接触活性位点中的底物。使用生物物理学和生物化学方法,我们观察到RAM增加了甲基供体,S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-腺苷甲硫氨酸),RNMT的招聘。因此,我们报告了RAM变构激活RNMT的机制,使其能够作为mRNA帽甲基化的分子变阻器。
Maturation and translation of mRNA in eukaryotes requires the addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap. In vertebrates, the cap methyltransferase, RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase (RNMT), has an activating subunit, RNMT-Activating Miniprotein (RAM). Here we report the first crystal structure of the human RNMT in complex with the activation domain of RAM. A relatively unstructured and negatively charged RAM binds to a positively charged surface groove on RNMT, distal to the active site. This results in stabilisation of a RNMT lobe structure which co-evolved with RAM and is required for RAM binding. Structure-guided mutagenesis and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that RAM stabilises the structure and positioning of the RNMT lobe and the adjacent α-helix hinge, resulting in optimal positioning of helix A which contacts substrates in the active site. Using biophysical and biochemical approaches, we observe that RAM increases the recruitment of the methyl donor, AdoMet (S-adenosyl methionine), to RNMT. Thus we report the mechanism by which RAM allosterically activates RNMT, allowing it to function as a molecular rheostat for mRNA cap methylation.
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