Estrogen, brain structure, and cognition in postmenopausal women.
Estrogen, brain structure, and cognition in postmenopausal women.
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.25200
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Thompson PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyle CP;Raji CA;Erickson KI;Lopez OL;Becker JT;Gach HM;Kuller LH;Longstreth W Jr;Carmichael OT;Riedel BC;Thompson PM
绝经前、绝经期间和绝经后雌激素水平的下降会影响记忆力以及患阿尔茨海默病的风险。激素变化产生的不良副作用凸显了激素疗法（HT）的作用，其可能的益处包括延缓痴呆症的发病——然而研究结果并不一致。激素疗法的效果可能由遍布大脑的雌激素受体介导。其效果可能还取决于生活方式因素、使用时间以及遗传风险。我们在调整上述因素的同时，研究了562名认知状况各异的老年女性（71 - 94岁）自我报告的激素疗法使用情况对脑容量的影响。使用包含16个预测变量的模型进行的协变量调整的体素级线性回归分析表明，无论认知状况如何，激素疗法的使用都与局部脑容量呈正相关。对与绝经、卵巢切除术和子宫切除术状况相关的其他因素进行检验，当加入我们的模型时，它们各自对脑容量产生了积极影响。在检验的几个交互项中，激素疗法×体重指数这一交互项显示与整体脑容量呈显著负相关，表明脑容量的减少比单独的体重指数因素所导致的减少更显著。我们关于激素疗法与局部脑容量相关的主要发现与假设相符，但一些探索性分析与现有假设不一致。研究表明，卵巢切除术和子宫切除术导致的雌激素水平降低对脑容量有负面影响，而添加激素疗法会积极改变体重指数与脑容量之间的关系。激素疗法的效果可能取决于所评估的年龄范围，这促使开展年龄范围更广以及采用随机设计的研究。
绝经各阶段女性雌激素水平的下降会影响记忆力以及患阿尔茨海默病（AD）的风险，这凸显了激素疗法（HT）的作用。由于包括生活方式和心血管风险、基因组成以及激素疗法的使用时间和持续时间等多种因素，效果可能会有所不同。我们通过对562名认知状况各异的老年女性自我报告的激素疗法使用情况进行研究，并对上述因素进行协变量分析，来验证这一假设。体素级回归分析表明，无论认知状况如何，激素疗法的使用都与较高的脑容量相关。
Declining estrogen levels before, during, and after menopause can affect memory and risk for Alzheimer's disease. Undesirable side effects of hormone variations emphasize a role for hormone therapy (HT) where possible benefits include a delay in the onset of dementia—yet findings are inconsistent. Effects of HT may be mediated by estrogen receptors found throughout the brain. Effects may also depend on lifestyle factors, timing of use, and genetic risk. We studied the impact of self‐reported HT use on brain volume in 562 elderly women (71–94 years) with mixed cognitive status while adjusting for aforementioned factors. Covariate‐adjusted voxelwise linear regression analyses using a model with 16 predictors showed HT use as positively associated with regional brain volumes, regardless of cognitive status. Examinations of other factors related to menopause, oophorectomy and hysterectomy status independently yielded positive effects on brain volume when added to our model. One interaction term, HTxBMI, out of several examined, revealed significant negative association with overall brain volume, suggesting a greater reduction in brain volume than BMI alone. Our main findings relating HT to regional brain volume were as hypothesized, but some exploratory analyses were not in line with existing hypotheses. Studies suggest lower levels of estrogen resulting from oophorectomy and hysterectomy affect brain volume negatively, and the addition of HT modifies the relation between BMI and brain volume positively. Effects of HT may depend on the age range assessed, motivating studies with a wider age range as well as a randomized design. Declining estrogen levels for women in all stages of menopause can affect memory and risk of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), emphasizing a role for hormone therapy (HT). Effects may differ due to several factors including lifestyle and cardiovascular risk, genetic makeup, and timing and duration of HT. We addressed this hypothesis using self‐reported HT in 562 elderly women with mixed cognitive status, covarying for aforementioned factors. Voxelwise regression showed HT use as correlated with higher brain volume regardless of cognitive status
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DOI：
10.1177/1073858413519865
发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bean LA;Ianov L;Foster TC
通讯作者：
Foster TC
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Grady, D;Yaffe, K;Barrett-Connor, E
通讯作者：
Barrett-Connor, E
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Imtiaz B;Tuppurainen M;Rikkonen T;Kivipelto M;Soininen H;Kröger H;Tolppanen AM
通讯作者：
Tolppanen AM
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Hedges, Valerie L.;Ebner, Timothy J.;Meisel, Robert L.;Mermelstein, Paul G.
通讯作者：
Mermelstein, Paul G.