Aortic valve disease in diabetes: Molecular mechanisms and novel therapies.

Aortic valve disease in diabetes: Molecular mechanisms and novel therapies.
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DOI:
10.1111/jcmm.16937
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发表时间:
2021-10
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Simionescu M
Simionescu M
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Manduteanu I;Simionescu D;Simionescu A;Simionescu M

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心血管疾病,特别是钙化主动脉瓣疾病(CAVD)和糖尿病(DM)是构成所有老龄化社会全球健康负担的进行性疾病(心血管疾病进展,2014;56(6):565;循环研究,2021;128(9):1344)。比较非糖尿病个体(The Lancet. 2008;371(9626):1800; The American Journal of Cardiology. 1983;《中华医学会心脏科杂志》。2017;69(12):1523),糖尿病患者有更大的心血管疾病倾向,植入的生物人工主动脉瓣变性更快。在此之前,我们使用了一个原始的实验模型,糖尿病-高脂血症仓鼠,我们已经表明,由这些疾病引起的最早的改变发生在主动脉瓣水平,随着时间的推移,这些变化导致钙化和CAVD。然而,尽管在该领域取得了重大进展,但目前还没有药物治疗可以逆转或延缓糖尿病主动脉瓣疾病的进展。因此,揭示瓣膜疾病进展的机制,寻找诊断的生物标志物和新的治疗靶点至关重要。本文旨在介绍糖尿病背景下CAVD基础研究的最新进展。我们提供了对累积数据的见解,包括我们在糖尿病诱导的主动脉瓣进行性细胞和分子改变的结果,新的潜在生物标志物来评估疾病的演变和治疗,靶向纳米治疗的进展,组织工程和循环内皮祖细胞在CAVD中的潜在应用。
Valve disease and particularly calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and diabetes (DM) are progressive diseases constituting a global health burden for all aging societies (Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 2014;56(6):565: Circulation Research. 2021;128(9):1344). Compared to non‐diabetic individuals (The Lancet. 2008;371(9626):1800: The American Journal of Cardiology. 1983;51(3):403: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017;69(12):1523), the diabetic patients have a significantly greater propensity for cardiovascular disorders and faster degeneration of implanted bioprosthetic aortic valves. Previously, using an original experimental model, the diabetic‐hyperlipemic hamsters, we have shown that the earliest alterations induced by these conditions occur at the level of the aortic valves and, with time these changes lead to calcifications and CAVD. However, there are no pharmacological treatments available to reverse or retard the progression of aortic valve disease in diabetes, despite the significant advances in the field. Therefore, it is critical to uncover the mechanisms of valve disease progression, find biomarkers for diagnosis and new targets for therapies. This review aims at presenting an update on the basic research in CAVD in the context of diabetes. We provide an insight into the accumulated data including our results on diabetes‐induced progressive cell and molecular alterations in the aortic valve, new potential biomarkers to assess the evolution and therapy of the disease, advancement in targeted nanotherapies, tissue engineering and the potential use of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in CAVD.
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